May, 1913. 



American Vee Jonrnal 



Section 8. — This is a very fancy sec- 

 tion, but has 12 open cells on one 

 side, on top, next to the wood. 

 That it is practically perfect other- 

 wise is evidenced by the weight, 16 '4 

 ounces. On the other hand. Section 1-S 

 is what may be called an ordinary No. 

 1, but it must now be classed as extra 

 fancy, because it is capped white, 

 firmly attached and completely sealed. 

 .•\ critical buyer would readily accept 

 the first-named section for extra fancy, 

 although the rules say it is only fancy, 

 but he would not accept Section 13 as 

 extra fancy. 



Fancy. — Permits six uncapped cells 

 on either side, exclusive of the outside 

 row. It is not stated where these six 

 uncapped cells may be, and whether 

 they may be empty or filled. Section 1 

 has just six uncapped cells, almost in 

 the middle of the comb on one side. 

 It seems that such a section should not 

 be termed fancy. It is nothing but a 

 No. 2. 



No. 1. — Forty uncapped cells, exclu- 

 sive of the outside row, are permitted 

 here. It is presumed that these 4() cells 

 may be anywhere on the face of a sec- 

 tion, and may be filled or empty. If so, 

 some honey that should not be classed 

 otherwise than cull, is permitted in this 

 grade. On the other hand, the re- 

 quirements for color of comb and cap- 

 pings are quite strict. 



St.\nii.\rd. — In this grade we have as 

 many as 60 uncapped cells, exclusive 

 of the outside row. What has been 

 said about uncapped cells in previous 

 grades applies to this with still greater 

 force. Section 11 shows 48 uncapped 

 cells. It is but a poor cull. In con- 

 trast with this we have in the same 

 grade sections 5, 6, 12, 15, 16, 17. Sec- 

 tion 16 is fine and white, but goes into 

 the lowest class because not firmly 

 attached to sides. All the others are 

 very nice, heavy weight sections, but 

 the cappings are more than slightly off 

 color, yet they should not be thrown 

 into the same grade as Section 11. 



Large portions of this country pro- 

 duce comb honey that may be termed 

 more than slightly off color in cap- 

 pings. It would have to be sold at the 

 price of the lowest grade, even though 

 it is fine, well finished stock. 



I was astonished not to find grading 

 rules for extracted honey. Are we not 

 interested in this also ? 



I submit these criticisms in the hope 

 that better rules may be drawn at some 

 future time. 



Denver, Colo. 



Producing and Marketing Honey 

 With the Automobile 



BY A. H. BELL. 



I AM SITUATED in the Mussel- 

 shell Valley, which varies from 

 nothing to a mile in width, and the 

 main source of honey flow is 

 alfalfa and sweet clover. I came 

 into this valley three years ago. 



Finding a suitable location, I next 

 cast about for a good strain of bees 

 free from disease. These I found near 

 Billings, on the Yellowstone River. As 

 it was only 60 miles by wagon road, 

 and over 200 by the railroad, I decided 

 to hire an automobile to haul them 



home. I hired a large touring car of 

 40-horse power, and into this loaded 2.j 

 hives, tiering them up five high, and 

 nailing all securely together. They 

 made two loads, as ,511 is the number I 

 started with. We were on the road 

 just three hours with each load, and as 

 far as I can remember, not a dozen 

 bees in each hive were lost. This was 

 in May, and all the precautions taken 



and top it makes a very acceptable 

 pleasure car, and in a few minutes the 

 deck is cleared for action, and I am 

 ready to load 72 lO-frame shallow su- 

 pers, or 42 10-frame hives. With this 

 load I can leave home at 7 a.m., and at 

 8:30 a.m. I am at Lavina, having passed 

 over some of the worst roads and hills 

 to be found anywhere. 



I run the Lavina vard for extracted 



No. I.— The Automobile Used to Run the Extractor. 



were the nailing of wire screen over 

 the entrances. 



The narrowness of the valley makes 

 it impracticable to have more than 100 

 colonies in one location, so I decided 

 on out-apiaries, and established the 

 first at Lavina, 18 miles west. One 

 year I tried attending this yard by driv- 

 ing to it with a team, hauling supplies 

 as I went, but as this took too much of 

 my time, I got an automobile, and se- 

 lected the International. This, I think, 

 is an all-around car, as with a rear seat 



honey, and last year took 7.500 pounds 

 from 75 colonies, fall count. I use a 

 12-shallow frame power extractor 

 equipped with honey pump, and run 

 the whole thing by a belt from a pulley 

 on one of the rear wheels of my auto- 

 mobile, as shown in the photograph, 

 it only being necessary to "jack up" 

 the wheel used. The other may re- 

 main on the ground. 



The photograph, No. 1, shows the 

 honey house, and automobile hitched 

 to the extractor at my Lavina yard. 

 No. 2 shows the inside of the same 

 building, with myself uncapping into 

 a large melter of my own make. I also 

 make all of the hives, supers and frames 

 I use. No. 3 shows the Lavina yard, 

 while No. 4 is the home yard, which I 

 run for comb honey. Owing to a 

 shortage of sections this year, I got 

 only 94 cases of comb and pbout 4000 

 pounds of extracted there. This yard 

 also contains 75 colonies. No. 5 shows 

 a load of 72 10-frame supers just taken 

 from my work-shop and factory at 

 Elso. This I also built. The sheet- 

 iron building at the left is used as a 

 store-house. 



Almost all of my honey is sold 

 locally and in Roundup, where I make 

 weekly trips with the automobile, and 

 go from house to house. If I had to 

 give up the automobile, I would give 

 up the bees, too. 



Elso, Mont. 



No. 2.-A. H. Bell Uncaim-ing Honey. 



Words and Their Meanings 



V.\ li. W. Bl LLAMORE, F. R. XL S. 



WHEN the sulphuring system was 

 in vogue the bee-keeper divided 

 his colonies into two classes, 

 the stocks and the swarms. A 

 stock was a colony or "stall " 

 that had given off one or more swarms. 



