Intelligence. 69 



dom and Intelligence to which Hamilton refers as 

 being performed while the actors are as Ignorant of 

 the end to be accomplished as the water-wheel Is of 

 the machinery It sets In motion. To prepare the 

 way for the consideration of these truly Instinctive 

 acts, that display a wisdom not found In the actor 

 but which Is often ascribed to him simply because 

 the acts are voluntary, we have Introduced Inorgan- 

 ic nature and plant life, to show that In them we 

 have just such operations as are performed by ani- 

 mals through those acts that are truly Instinctive, 

 though often cited as evidence of Intelligence and 

 wisdom In the actors. We propose to continue 

 these illustrations of Instinct-like operations In plant 

 life and that part of animal life, where volition can 

 have no agency, until we reach that point where the 

 simplest voluntary act is introduced to carry the 

 work of life one step farther than it Is possible for 

 it to be carried by structure and function alone. 

 From that point we shall find the instinctive princi- 

 ples of action widening and producing more and 

 more complex results until Intelligence Is Intro- 

 duced ; and this Is Introduced chiefly as a means of 

 securing enjoyment, and to carry the being, as in 

 the case of man, into regions entirely above m.ere 

 physical life, for it is Impossible for the mere con- 

 tinuance of physical life to be better cared for than 

 it is by Instinct alone. 



In our last lecture we referred especially to 

 those physiological changes within the plant by 

 which it provides for Itself to meet the change of 



