2i6 Instinct, 



instincts, wakes with them, a watchful guardian, 

 which was appointed to give them their bounds, 

 and tell them when to act, and when to remain in 

 quiet, though their strength may be that of Titans. 



As we enumerate the animal instinctive princi- 

 ples in man, let it be understood then, that we re- 

 gard them as constantly modified by a higher con- 

 stitution, or principle of action, of which we shall 

 in the future speak. 



As we compared animals with men, to show that 

 they have something of that Intelligence, which 

 appears full-orbed in man, so now we must compare 

 men with animals once more, to show that our life 

 begins on the same plane with theirs. The frog 

 and the fish both begin their lives as animals of the 

 same kind. The young frog is, to all appearances, 

 a fish ; but there is in him, from the beginning, a 

 principle of organization that will in the end, give 

 him lungs, and enable him to live in the upper air ; 

 while the fish must continue to breath by gills, dur- 

 ing his whole life. So man begins his life, to all 

 outward appearances, as the lower animals begin 

 theirs, — more helpless, indeed, because his helpless- 

 ness is supplemented by the enduring love and care 

 of the mother. 



The occasion for most of the lower forms of 

 activity, in animals and men, are the appetites, as we 

 have shown. They arise as naturally, from the phys- 

 iological condition of the body, as hair grows upon 

 the head or nails upon the fingers. It is as difficult 

 to account for the origin of one of these, as for that 

 of the other, and no more so. There are connected 



