240 Instinct. 



have, but they are not ahvays broad enough for all 

 the wants of the being, and therefore instinctive 

 impulses are found, which have no direct connec- 

 tion with the Appetites, though they may work in 

 the same direction with them, or supplement their 

 work. And among these instinctive impulses, we 

 reckon the Desires, so called. It has been well said 

 by President HOPKINS that the desire of happiness 

 is generic. It is interwoven with all other desires. 

 It is, in this respect, like the desire of life, which in- 

 volves the fear of death — though probably the de- 

 sire of happiness, in mxan, is broader than the desire 

 of life, even. The desire of life may be lost, but 

 the desire for happiness cannot be. Perhaps how- 

 ever, that a strict analysis would show that the de- 

 sire of life is only lost, so far as it is judged to be a 

 condition of suffering, rather than of enjoyment. 

 And that the prospect of happiness, through life? 

 must be lost, before life can be given up, without 

 some higher purpose than the suicide has. The 

 desire of life and the desire of happiness are the 

 two great under-lying instincts into which all others 

 seem to strike ; or rather, all other instincts are the 

 special methods of securing the demands of these, 

 to the individual or the species. The relations to 

 life and happiness, of the things instinctively aimed 

 at by any being, are by no means always perceived 

 by that being. This we have illustrated by many 

 examples during this discussion, showing it to be 

 an essential characteristic of an instinct, that it 

 shall act promptly, and as though directed by In- 

 telligence, where the good of the being absolutely 



