CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SCALIGERS. 173 



twelve men: I never could have justice. Conde would 

 do nothing 1 . 



M. de TEscalle made money at Agen, bought houses, 

 and acquired property which he could not hold securely 

 as an alien ; he therefore obtained letters of naturalisation, 

 and became a Frenchman. In the deed he is entitled 

 Jules Cesar de 1'Escalle de Burden 2 . The new adoption 

 was no shock to his patriotism, for the son says, " My 

 father thoroughly hated the Italians, and they hated 

 him 3 ." We may as well know something too of Madame 

 de 1'Escalle from her son Joseph : " My mother was very 

 eloquent in Gascon. My father used to say, that if she 

 had been a man, and they had made a lawyer of her, she 

 would have won all the bad causes." What weapon she 

 had, therefore, she also was prompt to use. " My father," 

 says the son, who became famous " my father called me 

 Justus, and my mother Joseph. He used always to say 

 to me, * I want you to be more learned than I am.' ' 

 So indeed he became ; but the elder Scaliger, with a bold 

 and striking character, had talents of no mean order, 



1 " Qui dicebatur Vasco Diabolas, tarn terribilis fuit . . . ." Sealige- 

 rana, p. 233. 



3 The letters of naturalisation were first printed by Bayle in his 

 Dictionary, where they may be seen in a note to the article " Verona." 



3 Scaligerana, p. 234. The succeeding citations are all selected from 

 the same work, and may be found scattered between the pages 227 

 and 243. 



