FIGWORT FAMILY 221 



VD. CASTILLEJA Mutis. 



Herbs parasitic on the roots of other plants. Leaves alter- 

 nate ; the floral ones usually colored at the tip and more showy 

 than the flowers. Flowers yellow or purplish in terminal leafy 

 spikes. Calyx tubular, flattened, 2^4-cleft. Corolla tube in- 

 cluded within the calyx ; upper lip of the corolla very long, 

 linear, arched, and inclosing the stamens, 2 of which are long 

 and 2 short. Ovary many-ovuled. 



1. C. coccinea Sprengel. SCARLET PAINTED CUP, PAINT BKUSH, 

 INDIAN PINK, PRAIRIE FIRE, WICKAKEE. A hairy, simple-stemmed 

 herb, annual or biennial. Root leaves clustered, obovate or oblong ; 

 stem leaves cut ; floral leaves 3-5-cleft and bright scarlet (occasion- 

 ally yellow) toward the tips, as though dipped in a scarlet dye. Calyx 

 nearly as long as the pale yellow corolla, 2 -cleft. The spikes are often 

 very broad, making this one of the most conspicuous of our native 

 flowers. Damp, sandy ground, or on bluffs near streams ; sometimes 

 in marshes. 



2. C. sessiliflora Pursh. DOWNY PAINTED CUP. Perennial ; stem 

 leafy, 6-15 in. high, covered with ash-colored down. Lowest leaves 

 linear and entire, upper ones usually deeply cleft into narrow seg- 

 ments; floral leaves green, like the upper stem leaves. Calyx lobes 

 more deeply cleft on the lower than on the upper side, linear-lanceo- 

 late. Corolla yellowish, nearly 2 in. long; upper lip about twice the 

 length of the lower one. On prairies W. and S.AV. 



Vm. PEDICULARIS L. 



Perennial herbs, with the lower leaves pinnately cut and 

 the floral ones reduced to bracts. Flowers spiked. Corolla 

 markedly 2-lipped ; the upper lip much flattened laterally and 

 arched, the lower lip spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, beneath 

 the upper lip. Capsule 2-celled, tipped with an abrupt point, 

 several-seeded. 



1. P. canadensis L. COMMON LOUSEWORT. Hairy, with clustered 

 simple stems, 1 ft. high or less. Leaves petioled, the lowermost ones 

 pinnately parted, the others somewhat pinnately cut. Spike short, 

 closely flowered, and leafy-bracted. Calyx split down the front. 

 Corolla greenish-yellow and purplish, with its upper lip hood-like, 

 curved under, and with 2 awl-like teeth near the end. Capsule flat, 

 broadly sword-shaped. Knolls and openings among thickets. 



