Victorian Plants. 11 



53. Fruit adnate to the calyx at the base only. 



Stipules absent ; leaves without dots ; lobes of the calyx 

 contiguous at the margin before expansion ; seeds generally 

 numerous. Salicarieae. 262 



Fruit high-adnate to the calyx. 



Usually herbaceous plants ; stipules absent ; leaves without 

 dots ; lobes of the calyx contiguous at the margin before 

 expansion ; petals often four ; ovulary often four-celled ; 

 seeds generally numerous. Oiiagreae. 263 



54. Calyx conspicuously lobed. 



Woody plants, seldom climbers, very rarely producing 

 tendrils ; leaves always simple ; lobes of the calyx con- 

 tiguous at the margin before expansion ; petals minute, 

 very concave, not rarely absent ; stamens usually five, 

 inserted on the calyx-tube and alternating with the lobes 

 or denticles of the calyx ; stigmas usually three ; ovulary 

 generally three-celled ; fruit adnate to the calyx beyond 

 the base. Figure 61. Rhamiiaceae. 264 



Calyx lobeless. 



Mostly climbers, very often producing tendrils ; leaves either 

 simple or compound ; petals always small, contiguous at 

 the margin before expansion ; stamens all alternating 

 with the lobes or denticles of the calyx ; stigma one ; fruit 

 adnate to the unenlarging calyx towards the base only, 

 at last placed superiorily. Figure 26. Viniferae. 266 



55. Stamens usually twice as many as petals or calyx-lobes. 



Herbs, seldom somewhat woody plants, with mostly small 

 flowers ; stipules absent ; fruit-cells or fruitlets one to four, 

 with separate styles and stigmas ; seeds always solitary 

 and pendent, with albument. Figure 55. Halorageee. 267 



Stamens usually as many as calyx-lobes ... ... 56 



56. Petals contiguous before expansion. 



Generally woody plants, of ten with compound leaves; stamens 

 all opposed to the lobes or denticles of the calyx, inserted 

 on a terminal (epigynous) disk ; fruit fully adnate to the 

 calyx, consisting of two or more connate fruitlets; albument 

 sometimes lobed or broken. Figure 62. Araliaceae. 271 



Petals generally overlapping before expansion. 



Herbs, often with dissected leaves ; stamens all opposed to 

 the lobes or denticles of the calyx, inserted on a terminal 

 disk ; styles and stigmas always two ; fruit fully adnate 

 to the calyx, consisting of two connate fruitlets, often pro- 

 vided with longitudinal oilducts. (Exception : Actinotus). 

 Figure 63. Umbelliferae. 272 



