l8 ECHINOIDEA. I. 



or not, is not mentioned; I have not been able to find any large globiferous pedicellarise in the few 

 specimens I have examined), and the same, I suppose, holds also good with regard to Pliyllacantlnts 

 dubia and parvispma Woods. Finally a similar form of globiferous pedicellarice is found in Gonio- 

 cidaris florigera hg. (< Challenger >-Echinoids, PL I. Fig. 12) (PI. X, Figs. 27, 29); in the latter there is no 

 trace of a limb on the stalk. 



Do now all these species belong to one genus? — Surely not. We shall first have to separate 

 Goniocidaris florigera. It has no trace of a limb on the stalk, the spines differ considerably from 

 those of all the other mentioned species, and I suppose that a closer examination will show several 

 other peculiarities. Doderlein (116) thinks it to be most nearly related to the species Goniocidaris 

 clypcata and G. miliado described by him, which species are distinguished by the spines being provided 

 with a peculiar flat widening at the base. Traces of such a widening are also found in G. florigera; 

 but the pedicellarise of this species are so different from those of the two mentioned species that their 

 being united into one genus is out of the question. It differs also from the genuine Gottiocidaris-species 

 [G.tubaria etc.) by its pedicellarise; it must form a separate genus, for which I propose the name of 

 Petalocidaris. There can scarceh' be any doubt, however, that it is closely related to Goniocidaris. 



Next Pliyllacaiithns iiupcrialis must form a separate genus. It has peculiar large tridentate 

 pedicellarise, the blades of which are quite filled by a close net of meshes forming irregular longi- 

 tudinal ridges closely set with small teeth (PI. X Fig. 8); (the valve figured here, is from a smaller pedi- 

 cellaria where only two longitudinal ridges are seen). Tlie small pedicellarise ha\-e no end-tooth 

 (PI. IX. Fig. 6). The spines are peculiar, thick, with fine longitudinal strice. Together with this species 

 Pli. dubia has no doubt to be placed — if upon the whole it can be kept as a separate species, of 

 which I can have no decided opinion, as I have had no occasion to examine it. h\?,o Pliyllac.parvispina 

 Woods must, to judge b\- the figure gi\-en b>- Woods (443), belong here; its spines resemble very much 

 those oi PIi. iiiiperialis though Woods states them to be (.entirely different from any described species . 

 Also Ramsay (331 p. 45) says of this .species that on the Australian .south-coast it is the « representative 

 of f\ dubia of the North Coast . — This genus, no doubt, must keep Brandt's old name of Pliylla- 

 caiitlnis. Brandt") gives Cidaritcs ditbia as the type of the section <:.Pkyllacani/ius.., and observes that 

 to this will ha\-e to be added C. imperialism liystrix^ geranioides., and pistillaris. The three latter can in 

 no way be classed together with the two former; these two must keep the name of PJiyllacanthus. 

 Desor in his «Synopsis des Echinides fossiles» (1855) establishes the genus Lciocidaris (p. 48), and as 

 the type of the genus he gives Cidaris iinperialis. — Thus there will be no use for the name of Pcio- 

 cidaris, it will only be a synonym of Phyllacanthus. — It will also be necessary to say some words of 

 the much used name of fihabdocidaris l)y the present occasion. The genus has been established b>- 

 Desor (op. cit. p. 39) for fossil species; in a note is added: ^ Parmi les especes vivantes on pourrait 

 reporter a ce genre les Cidaris tribnloidcs et C. iinperialis., si leurs tubercules n'etaient pas completement 

 lisses». De Loriol (245) has later enlarged this genus to comprise: i) The fossil .species of the genus 

 Rhabdocidaris sensu stricto, 2) the Rhabdocidaris-a^Qcits with smooth tubercles, 3) the species of Leiocidaris 

 Desor and Dames (emend.), 4) the recent species of the genus Phyllacanthus Brandt, 5) the genus 

 Stephanocidaris Ag., and 6) the genus Schlcinitzia Studer. <Ainsi constitue, le genre Jiliabdocidaris 

 ') Prodroiiius ilescriptionis aniinaliuiii ab. H. Mertensio in orbis terrariim circumnavigatione obsen-atorum. 1S25 p. 6b. 



