ECHINOIDEA. I. 127 



continuing some way into the blatle as a distinct, a little serrate crest (PI. XVII. Figs. i6, 20); the 

 form is otherwise somewhat var>ing', as the blade may be more or less widened in the outer part; the 

 larger ones have a rather powerful net of meshes, the small ha\c almost none. The edge is rather 

 coarsely serrate in the lower part, finely serrate towards the point; there are no transverse series of 

 small teeth. A form as that figured by Agassiz (Rev. of Ech. PI. XXIV. 31), where, moreover, the 

 apophysis does not continue into the blade, I have not seen. Stewart (381) figures a v'alve of a 

 tridentate pedicellaria, and mentions this crest. In the same place he figures a valve of an ophice- 

 phalous pedicellaria to which I may refer; they are dentate in the edge to an uncommonly high 

 degree, although some difference is found in this respect, but I have not seen them with so smooth 

 edges as in the figure by Agassiz (loc. cit. Fig. 32). The ophicephalous pediccUarisc have almost no 

 neck, as has already been observed by Stewart. The stalk, which is, like those of the other pedicel- 

 larise, thick and compact, has a little constriction above. The tripliyllous pedicellarite are uncommonly 

 lengthened (PI. XVII. Fig. 4) without teeth in the edge. What Stewart has taken to be triphyllous 

 pedicellarise (he does not figure them), I think to have been quite small, tridentate pedicellarias. The 

 great variation in the size of these (the tridentate) pedicellarife, and the broad, spoon-.shaped character 

 of their jaws make the smaller forms closely resemble the trifoliate variety and lend weight to Prof. 

 Agassiz's view, that the latter are rareh' (sic! — earh') stages of the former (381. p. 911). That there 

 can be no cjuestion of this need not be more nearly explained here, a reference to the informa- 

 tions given above with regard to the development of the pedicellarite, will be sufficient. The spicules 

 of the txibe feet are very peculiar; along one side of the tube foot is found a series of large spicules 

 formed as long, fenestrated, thorny tubes; they are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the foot, and 

 are placed in such a wa)', that the upper end is projecting, while the lower end is covered by the 

 spicule following below. Towards the sticking disk the spicules become smaller, at last only flat, length- 

 ened fenestrated plates. On the opposite side of the tube foot is often — but not always — found 

 an irregular series of much smaller spicules more or less perforated. Stewart') has given figures of 

 these spicules, to which the reader is referred; I have never, however, seen the large spicules branched, 

 as they are figured here, Stewart does not know in which species it is that he has foimd these 

 remarkable spicules; later (381) it has become clear to him that \'i\% Stomopneiistcsvariolaris. — Whether 

 Stoinopii. afrofitrpHrca Woods (447) is a separate species, or, as Ramsay (311. p. 11) thinks, only a 

 variety of variolaris^ I cannot tell with any certainty, as I have not seen this form, and the description 

 gives no information of pedicellariae and spicules. These structures must be examined, before the 

 question can be definitively decided. 



Parasalcnia gratiosa Ag. I can only give little information of this very characteristic form 

 beyond what has been stated by Agassiz, Liitken, and .Stewart. A primary tubercle is found on 

 all the ambulacral i^lates; the buccal membrane contains numerous, rather large, fine fenestrated plates, 

 of which only a few are complicate and carry pedicellarise. No spines on the buccal plates. The 

 globiferous pedicellarise have a tubular blade, without lateral teeth. No neck ; glands seem to be found 

 on the stalk, which is compact. The tridentate pedicellarise are long and very narrow, finely serrate 

 in the edge; they remind very much of those in Paracentrohis livldiis, but the serrations are finer. 



') On the Spicula of the regular Echinoidea. Transact. IJnn. Soc. XXV. PI. L. fig- i- 1S65. 



