ECHINOIDKA. 11. 



think iii\- remark on the tnistworthiness of sucli statements quite justified. If I had made that remark 

 on account of the species Dorocidaris papillnfa having been referred to different genera, the above 

 cited remark of Professor Agassiz would have been justified; but the case is really quite the reverse. 

 It ma\ not be superfluous to state that in consequence of the erroneous determinations in the case 

 cited above of Dorocidaris papillata. this species is stated to occur at La Plata, the Philippines and 

 in the Red Sea, whereas it is really known only from the Northern Atlantic (as far south as St. Paul 

 rocks) and the Mediterranean. — A few other instances may be given: 



Echinus norvcgicus is stated (Chall. Echini p. 117) to have been taken by the Challenger at 

 Cape Cod (St. 46 and 47), off the West coast of Patagonia (St. 308) and off Japan (St. 232 and 235). The 

 alleged occurrence at Patagonia has proved of particular importance, causing this species to be ranged 

 among bipolar animals. Examination of the specimens in the British Museum (except those from 

 St. 235) gives the following result: The specimens from St. 46 and St. 47 are Echinus afpnis. those 

 troui Patagonia kSt. 308) are partly zEchinus- magellanicus and parth' another species of Echiints. 

 closely allied to Ech. licgan.w {'Sly e.xaiuination does not enable me to state with certainty to which 

 .species the latter belong, but it shows clearly that they are not Echinus i/orvf!;iciis |= nc/i/iis)]. The 

 .specimens from St. 232 are probably Echinus hicidus. certainh not A. U(in'ri;;iciis and it seems a natural 

 inference that those from St. 235 are not /:". nor7'cgiciis either. It thus follows that there is not a 

 .single specimen of E. norvcgicus among all the specimens referred to that species in the Challenger 

 Report. Consequently, the almost cosmopolitan distribution of this species and its bipolar nature both 

 of which have been deduced from the statements of that report can no longer be upheld. 



For 'I'rninoplrunis Iliirdzviclm the following localities are given in the Challenger Pvchinoidea 

 (p. 107): Kobi, Japan; .^rafura Sea; off Yokohama and St. 192 (at the Kei Islands). I have examined 

 all the .specimens in the I'ritish .Museiuu and found them to be as follows: Kobi — Tctnnoplcjirus 

 loreuviaticus\ Arafura Sea — a \er\ \oung specimen, probably T. iorruniaticns\ St. 192 — a beautiful 

 specimen representing a new species of the very interesting genus (Jpcchinns, known hitherto onh as 

 fos.sil — one of the most interesting species taken b\- the Challenger '. — Thus it is onh the speci- 

 mens from Yokohama which are reall\- T. Hnrd-cvicliii'. 



The preceding instances are perhaps enough to justif\ the epithet untrustworlh) as applied 

 to the older identifications made without microscopical examination of pedicellaria;, spicules and other 

 parts. If further justification is demanded, numerous other instances of wrong identification will be 

 found pointed out m both ])arts of this work as well as in the work on the Siam-Echinoidea — 

 from the works of Professor Agassiz as well as from other, less famous authors. 



Professor Agassiz finds it childish to be constantK lamenting, as do I )r. Mortensen and Dr. de 

 Meijere, the less of a specimen, if examined 1)\ the old uuthod, neces.sary for the examination of the 

 test, and of the actinal and abactiual s\ stems. Sureh we cannot welcome a method which deliberateh' 

 .saves a specimen in order to remain ignorant of its structure) . (Op. cit. p. 19.) I fully agree with Professor 

 Agassiz that it is the duly of the de.scriber of new or imperfectU- known .species to elucidate as fully 



1 This species wius describccl by me as Upechinu.i spectabili.s in «The Danisli Kxpeilitioii to .Siam 1899- 1900. Zoolo- 

 gical Results. II. Rchiiioidea. I. Mem. Acad. Sc. Copenhagen. 7. Ser. 1. 1904, p. 94. .\lso, the PIcuiechitius variabilis Wk^sXh^Av-wx 

 proved to belonjj to the j^enus Upechinus. < 



2 Op. cit. p. 62. 



