jjQ ECIIINOIDEA. II. 



of S. /rag His dredged off our eastern coast, tlie anal fascicle disappears first, leaving only a part of the 

 lateral fascicle extending from the peripetalons fascicle towards the anal system >. On all the numerous 

 specimens of S. fragilis, I have examined, I have found the anal fascicle distinct, whereas the lateral 

 fasciole is more or less rudimentary in a few (3) specimens from vSt. 32. In two of these specimens the 

 lateral fasciole is quite wanting on the one side, only partly distinct, not reaching the peripetalons 

 fascicle, on the other side; on the third specimen it is wanting on both sides, only the anal part 

 remaining distinct. But specimens without the anal part of the fasciole I have never seen; ni)- 

 experiences thus are not in accordance with those of Agassi z. Evidently the specimens without the 

 anal part of the fasciole deserve to be reexamined; it is not impossible that they will prove to belong 

 to another species. (Comp. Hcmiastcr zonahts, p. 105). 



The pedicellarise of Sch. fragilis were until recently almost quite unknown. A gassiz (Revision 

 of Ech. PI. XXVI. Fig. 42) figures a valve of a pedicellaria, which he finds (p. 666) resembling the 

 gemmiform tvpe of the Echinidie (in the explanation of plates called stout-headed pedicellaria»); it 

 is the rostrate form. The tridentate pedicellariae were seen by Koehler (Op. cit), who only states 

 that they are of the usual form. Lastly, however. Professor Doderlein (Op. cit.) has given very im- 

 portant information on all the pedicellaria; (except the ophicephalons) of this species and of most of 

 the other recent species of Schizaster. My own observations, which were made about two years before 

 Profes.sor Doderlein's work was published, agree almost completely with his. Having, however, several 

 additional remarks to make, I may give my original description almost unaltered; likewise I give most 

 of the figures of pedicellaria; made at that time. The figures given by Doderlein are, of course, 

 quite correct, being photographs; but several important details are not seen, so that my figures will 

 probabl}- not l^e found superfluous. 



The globiferous pedicellariae (PI. XIV. Figs. 14, 16, 24, 51) are rather conspicuous. The valves are 

 enclosed by a thick, evidently glandular coat of skin, which continues down over the ui)pcr part of 

 the stalk, covering the great muscles which go from the valves to a thickening of the stalk, a little 

 above tlie middle. Also at the lower end of the stalk there is a generally less distinct thickening for 

 the fastening of the basal muscle. The stalk is rather thick and compact; the head rests duectly upon 

 the rounded upper end of the stalk. Tlic valves are very characteristic (PI. XIV. Figs. 14, 16). As in 

 the globiferous pedicellariie of the Cidarids there is a large space in the interior of the valves, pro- 

 bably enclosing a poison gland, passing far down into the basal (Kut, ahnost to the articular surface. 

 The opening of this space is at the point of the valve at the base of the single rather large and 

 compressed endtooth; the opening may be at its right or left side indifferently, that side willi llie 

 opening being somewhat hollowed. Very seldom abnormal globiferous pedicellariie occur, whose \alves 

 end in two diverging teeth l^etween which the opening lies (PI. XI\'. Fig. 24); sometimes pedicellariie 

 are found in wliich one of the valves ends in two teeth, the others in tlie usual way. Oeneralh' these 

 pedicellaria; are strongly pigmented, often almost black, and, where they occur in greater numbers, 

 very conspicuous. Tliey may be very numerous especiallv on the anal area, on the abactinal side in 

 the posterior interambulacrum and along the petals; on the actinal .side they are very seldom found. 

 I iiave found them in specimens of only ca. 4'"'" length. They differ ratlier nnich in size, the thick 

 part (head and upper part of the stalk) reaching about i""" length. 



