ZOANTHARIA 



Section III. 



Description of the species. 



Family Alacrociioiiinac H a d d o n & vS h a c k 1 c t on 1 8 9 1. 

 Genus Episoanthus. Cj ray 1867. 



Macroneniic Zoantliaria with a single mesogloeal sphincter muscle. The body wall is incrusted. 

 The ectoderm is usually continuous but may be discontinuous; cell-islets and lacunae often in the 

 mesogloea. Dioecious polyps connected by coenenchyme, which may be band-like, incrusting or greatly 

 reduced, as in the free forms. 



As H add on and Shackletou have given a good diagnosis of the genu.s, I have used it 

 in the main here. Of the 11 Epizoanthus species described here 4 are new: Ihidahli, danicbscni^ 

 bccrfiiislandicKs and koreiii. E. incrusfa/2(s and paguruphiltis have previously been described in detail by 

 Had don and Shackletou (1891) but their description needs supplementing on several points. 

 Regarding E. iiorvcgicns these authors also give some anatomical information and show that Mardwl 

 crdinainii Dan. is an Epizoanthus-species. The other species are described entirely from outer appearance 

 or the anatomical description is so bad, that it cannot be used for a characterization of the species. 



Four of the species E. incrnstatus, paguriphilus^ lindalili and korciii have been dredged by the 

 Ingolf-Expedition. 



Synopsis of the Epizoanthus-sipecies described here 



A. Species with carcinoeciimi 



a. Without ventral polyp. Ectoderm of the body wall continuous. 



b. The capitular region of the polyps in the contracted state truncate, disc-like, number of 



mesenteries 32—42 incrustatus. 



bb. The capitular region of the polyps in the contracted state not truncate, not disc-like, 



number of mesenteries about 46 aoyssoruiii. 



aa. With ventral polyp. The ectoderm of the body wall discontinuous, except in the capitular 

 region ; number of mesenteries 64 — 80 pagtiriphilus. 



B. Species without carcincEcium 



a. The ectoderm of the body wall in the polyp discontinuous norvcgtcus. 



aa. The ectoderm of the body wall in the polyp continuous, 

 b. Single unattached polyps or free colonies. 



2 



The Ingolf-Expedition. V. 4. 



