ZOANTHARIA ., 



4^ 



66°23'N., 7°25' W. 957 Dan. fms. Bott. temp. — i-i°. St. 104 Ingolf Exp. .several spec. 



eS-^oS'N., i6°02'W. 729 — — — _ — o-8°. - 125 — - 2 spec. 



69°i3'N., S"^ 23' W. 1003 — _ _ _ —ro°. - 117 _ _ 12 spec. 



69^31' N., 7° 06' W. 1309 - - - — _i°. . 113 _ _ .several spec. 



70°05'N., 8° 26' W. 371 - - - — -0-4°. - 116 - - several spec. 



73° 3' N., 18° 30' W. 410 m. — — 2°. - 32 SpitzbergenEx.i8984 9 2spec.R.M. 



8i°2o'N., 20°30'E. 1000 m. . 41 Romer & Schaudimi. Herlin M. 



66° 35' N., 56° 38' W. 3 iS Dan. fms. — — 3-9^- 32 Ingolf Exp. several spec. 



Dimensions in tlie preserved state. The largest breadth of tlie polyps was about 0-55 cm. 

 The height was abont 07 cm. exclnding the groove-shaped ccEnenchyme which may be of variable Icnglii 

 (greatest length observed 1-4 cm.). 



The colour of living specimens has not been observed. In the preserved state the polyps are 

 dirty coloured, lighter or darker. The polyps which are strongly incrusted with foraminifera look as 

 if they were covered with white grit. 



External appearance. The polyps are pear-shaped, in the proximal part often drawn out 

 into a long narrow stalk, which often again increases a little in diameter towards the point and is 

 sometimes somewhat swollen (see fig. 6 PI. i showing the most typical appearance of the polyps). This 

 stalk which often had a groove-shaped appearance (fig. 15 — 16 PI. 2) does not however belong to the polyp 

 itself but to the ccenenchyme. The ca\ity of the pol\p namely is continued in the stalk part only as 

 large canals, in contrast to what is found in /. arborescens. As the polyp, also in contrast to /. arborescens, 

 is always imattached, this part which is strongly incrusted probably serves as a sort of anchor for 

 the polyp. The groove-shaped part may possibly have surrounded some object, though the large material 

 collected affords no evidence of this. The polyps are nearly always single, and only very seldom 

 (observed in a few cases only, fig. 5, 6, PI. i) does the stalk-shaped part send out another polyp. The 

 body-wall is richly incrusted, probably mostly with foraminifera densely placed, further, with a smaller 

 number of sand-grains and sponge-needles, the latter found niosth- in the upper part. In the specimens 

 from St. 116 the sand-grains predominate and these polyps are darker; in specimens from St 32 the 

 incrustation consisted exclusively of lighter or darker sand-grains interspersed with a few sponge-needles. 

 In the specimens collected at St. 105 as also in those dredged by Romer & Schaudinn, the capitular 

 region was well-marked, owing to the main incrustation being made up of sponge-needles, while the 

 lower part was richly beset with foraminifera. In another specimen I was able to remove large pieces 

 of a sponge, and it is possible that this is symbiotic with the polyp. In two specimens collected during 

 the Spitzbergen Expedition of 189S the incrustation consisted mainly of sand-grains and sponge-needles, 

 while the foraminifera were scarce. The capitular furrow^s were indistinct and generally not to be seen 

 in the contracted, preserved polyps. In a half expanded specimen (fig. 5 PI. i) on the other hand faint 

 capitular furrows could be observed. In a specimen from St. 32 I counted 13 capitular furrows with 

 well-marked sand-gram ridges in the distal part. The whole polyp is of a more vigorous appearance 

 than /. arborescens. 



The oesophagus is very short, the siphonoglyphe broad, the hyposulcns almost of the same length 



as the oesophagus. 



6 



The IngoIf-ExpeJtiion. V. 4. 



