i68 



Darwin, and after Darwin. 



all. In the mid-Miocene we meet with two-pronged 

 horns {Cervus dicrocerus. Figs. 6i, 62, \ nat. size). 

 Next, in the upper Mijcene {C. mathero7iis. Fig. 

 63, i nat. size), and extending into the Pliocene 

 {C. pardinensis, Fig. 64, y^g nat. size), we meet with 

 three-pronged horns. Then, in the Pliocene we find also 

 four-pronged horns [C. issiodorensis, Fig. 65, ~ nat. 

 size), leading us to five-pronged {C. tetraceros). Lastly, 

 in the Forest-bed of Norfolk we meet with arborescent 



Fig. 61. Fig. 62. Fig. 63. Fig. 64. Fig. 65. Fig. 66. 



The series is reduced from Gaudry's illustrations, after Farge, Croizet, 

 Jobert and Boyd Dawkins. 



horns [C. Sedgwickii, Fig. 66, /^ nat. size). The 

 life-history of existing stags furnishes a parallel 

 development (Fig. 67), beginning with a single horn 

 (which has not yet been found palaeontologically). 

 going on to two prongs, three prongs, four prongs, and 

 afterwards branching. 



Coming now to bones, we have a singularly complete 

 record of transition from one type or pattern of 



