Index. 



457 



relation to the formation of galls, 



293-295. 446-448- 

 Nature, organic, 17 ; inorganic, I, 



17, 18. 

 N^atipHus, 138. 

 Ncumayr, 19. 

 New Zealand, fauna of, 68, 204, 



205 ; thriving of exotic species 



in, 2S6. 

 Newman, on the Illative Sense, 6. 

 Newton, his idea of scientific 



method, 6. 

 Nictitating membrane, 74, 75. 

 Notochord, 146. 

 Novum Organon, the, on scientific 



metliod, 2. 

 Nucleus, 105, 112-134. 

 Nucleus-spindle, 129. 

 Nut-hatch, Syrian, ornamented 

 nests of, 381. 



O. 



Objective methods, 6. 

 Oceanic islands, see Islands. 

 Octopus, eye of, 57, 58, 348-350. 

 CEdicnemus C7-epitans, 320. 

 Ontogeny, as recapitulation of 



phylogeny, '^8-104. 

 Orang Outang, see Apes. 

 Oredon Ctdhcrtsoni. 167. 

 Origin of Speciis, the, influence 



exercised by, on ideas of method, 



19. 

 Orohippus, 189. 

 Otana eye of, 75. 

 Ovum, 1 13-142; human, 120-12.^; 



amoeboid movements of young, 



121-123; segmentation of, 134, 



135- 

 Owen, on ear of whale, 65; on 



natural selection, 333, 334. 

 Owl, eye of, 75. 



P. 



Paddle, j'^ij Whale, and Baptanodon 



discus. 

 Pagtirus bernhardus, 64. 

 Pain, in relation to the theory of 



evolution, 417. 

 Paloeontology, 1 59-203 ; general 



testimony of, 1 56-165 ; te>timony 



of, ip particular cases, 165-203 ; 



consideration of objections to 

 theory of evolution founded on 

 grounds of, 156-165, and Ap- 

 pendix. 



Palaotherhim, 190, 191. 



Paley, on natural theology, 9S, 412. 



Palndina, successive forms of, 19. 



Panama, Isthmus of, 219. 



Panniculiis cai7iosis, 77. 



Papilio merope, .^30. 



Parasites, of animals, devoid of 

 beauty, 408. 



Parsimony, law of, 273. 



Parthenogenesis, 119. 



Partridges, 319. 



Peacock, tail of, 378 ; courtship of, 



383. 

 Peckham, Mr. and Mrs., on court- 

 ship of spiders, 388-390. 

 Perissodactyls, 182-192. 

 Pclromyzon martnus, 148. 

 Phcnacodus primcEVits, 184, 185. 

 Phylogeny, see Ontogeny. 

 Physiological selection, 376. 

 Pig, embryology of, 153 ; feet of, 



176. 187 ; portraits of wild and 



domesticated, 31 2. 

 Pigeons, portraits of, 298, 299 ; 



leather-footed, 359. 

 Pilot fish, 289, 

 Planorbis, transmutations of, 200, 



201. 

 Pleasure and pain, in relation to 



the theory ot evolution, 417. 

 Plica seinihmaris, 75. 

 I^liohippus, 189 

 Polar Lear, skeleton of, 1 74 ; feet 



of, 178. 

 Polar bodies, 125, 126. 

 Polar star, 129. 

 Polyps, 1 14. 

 Porpoises, 24, 25, 50. 

 Poulton, E. 1)., on warning colours, 



325, 326; on mimicry, 331, 332 ; 



sexual selection, 400, 401, 449, 



Poultry, portraits of, 300-302. 

 Pronucleus, 126-128. 

 Prophetic types, 272, 35i-3'''3. 

 Prophysema priniordiale, 140. 

 Protective colouring, 317-323. 

 Protohippjis, 189. 



