ENTOMOLOGY. PI 



forwards. Maxillae are sometimes wanting, (as 

 among many dipterous larvae,) but when present they 

 are placed immediately under the upper jaws, and 

 are more or less subservient to mastication. They 

 are generally without the lobes which distinguish the 

 corresponding parts of the imago, but there is, for the 

 most part, a palpiform process, analogous to the in- 

 ternal maxillary palpus, or what is called galea in the 

 orthoptera. Palpi exist in all larvae save dipterous 

 and hymenopterous ones, but they are often short 

 and inconspicuous. The maxillary palpi are some- 

 times four in number, at other times only one is at- 

 tached to each maxilla; the labial palpi are always 

 limited to two. Their shapes are conical, setaceous 

 or filiform ; the joints variable in number, and not 

 unfrequently branched. The upper lip presents 

 nothing peculiar, but the under lip, in the tribe of 

 dragon-flies, (Libellulidae,) assumes a very singular 

 form, as will be seen when we come to specify the 

 peculiarities of the order Neuroptera. In connection 

 with the under lip, there is an instrument peculiar to 

 some larvee, namely, a spinneret a small conical tube 

 through which the silken threads are drawn, which 

 are so indispensable to the economy of a large pro- 

 portion of them. The antennae are far from presenting 

 that variety of design and beauty of structure which 

 render them, not unfrequently, very ornamental ap- 

 pendages to insects in a state of maturity. They are 

 often entirely wanting, (as in the maggots of many 

 two.win.ged flies, bees, &c.) and frequently so minute, 

 that even when they do exist, they cannot easily be 



