ENTOMOLOGY. 99 



be found to agree entirely with the horns of the 

 higher animals." * 



The integument is more or less ohviously divided 

 in a vertical direction into thirteen segments, and 

 each of these segments has been supposed to consist 

 of four parts intimately united, which would make 

 the whole case consist of fifty two pieces, t But 

 the three most obvious divisions, manifest to the 

 most cursory observation, are the head, thorax and 

 abdomen. 



The HEAD is very variable in shape, hut most com- 

 monly spherical, either the longitudinal or transverse 

 diameter predominating. It forms a kind of hox, 

 having an aperture hefore and behind : the former 

 is occupied by the organs of the mouth, the latter by 

 the muscles, &c., which connect the head with the 

 thorax. The whole of the lateral superficies is oc- 

 cupied by the eyes. Particular regions of it have re- 

 ceived names from the analogy which they are thought 

 to bear to the parts of the head in the higher animals, 

 but scarcely two authors agree in their nomencla- 

 ture and definitions. Considered as a whole, the 

 cephalic box may he regarded as the skull, (cranium) 

 since it encloses what is regarded as corresponding 

 to the brain of the vertehrata. The upper portion 

 of the skull extending from the region of the eyes 



* Burmeister Manual of Entom. ; ShuckarcPs Trans, p. 231 

 f- " In many of these," says Mr. Newman, " each segment 

 very evidently consists of a dorsal, a ventral, and two lateral 

 plates or bones, which would produce the number two hun- 

 dred and eight." Ent. Mag. i. 398. 



