ORTHOPTERA. 209 



project beyond the extremity of the body, producing 

 the appearance of a tail, as may be seen in Gryllus, 

 Gryllotalpa, &c. 



This order is one of those in which the mouth is 

 said to be perfect that is, having all the constituent 

 or essential parts that exist in the most typical tribes 

 fully developed. Not only is this the case, but they 

 are likewise of a hard or osseous consistency, appa- 

 rently fitted for all the functions they perform among 

 the coleoptera, and shewing no tendency to become 

 obsolete, as is the case with those orders at the oppo- 

 site extremity of the series. The description, there- 

 fore, that has been already given of the oral organs 

 of the coleoptera, will serve to convey a general 

 notion of their appearance in this order, and super- 

 sede the necessity of adding much to what has been 

 already said. 



The upper lip, (Plate VI. fig. 2, d> and fig. 3,) 

 in general, is very conspicuous, and, as in all other 

 orders, very variable in its shape. It is somewhat 

 peculiar in orthopterous insects, by being frequently 

 unequal on the surface, occasionally ciliated, or pro- 

 vided with tufts of pretty long hair, and armed with 

 teeth on its anterior edge. 



As might have been expected in insects, many of 

 which have long attracted observation by their ex- 

 tensive depredations on vegetable substances, the 

 mandibles are large, powerful, and efficient. They 

 present the ordinary forms, being more or less tri- 

 angular, arched on the outer side, and armed with 

 teeth on the inner edge. If Marcel de Serres' ob- 



