212 SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT. 



plex structure, and the nomenclature of its separate 

 parts somewhat involved. On examining the figure 

 of the lower lip of the domestic cricket, (PL VI. fig. 6) 

 it will be observed that it is divided into three distinc 

 parts by means of well defined lines. The basa 

 portion, (a) by which the whole labial apparatus is 

 attached to the head, Kirby regards as the mentum 

 The second division (d) he considers as more directh 

 answering to what is strictly called the labium in 

 other insects ; and the terminal portion (e) is merely 

 an additional articulation to it, divided into two 

 three, or more lobes. " At first you would imagine 

 the terminal part of this organ to be the analogue 

 of the tongue, or ligula F ; as it is indeed generally 

 regarded by modern Entomologists. It seems like 

 the tongue of the Carabi L, Dytisci, &c. to be 

 distinct piece, which has below it both labium am 

 mentum : but when you look within the mouth, you 

 will find a linguiform organ, which evidently acts the 

 part of a tongue, and therefore ought to have the 

 name ; and the piece just alluded to must either be 

 regarded as the termination of the lip, or as an ex 

 ternal accompaniment of the tongue, analogous, 

 may be, to the paraglossce in bees." * 



The labial palpi are variously described by author 

 as consisting of three or four articulations. The 

 number of joints is certainly alike in all the species 

 and the discrepancy alluded to, has probably arisen 

 from some observers having included the minut 



* Introd. to Entom. III. 424. 



