246 RED TJNDERWING, 



and the outer one attenuated and forming an acute 

 V-shaped angle towards the inner margin; the 

 apex and the fringe greyish-white, each tooth of 

 the latter bearing a- transverse dusky arc. 



The caterpillar is attenuated at both extremities ; 

 the colour grey, inclining to white, and variegated 

 with brawn; having two rows of small tubercles 

 along the back, and a callous protuberance on the 

 eighth segment. The belly is greenish, with a lon- 

 gitudinal series of black spots in the middle; the 

 head bordered with black. The chrysalis is reddish- 

 brown, and covered with a kind of bloom of a blue 

 colour. The caterpillar feeds on the poplar and 

 willow ; and the moth continues to frequent these 

 trees,, and may often be seen reposing on their 

 stems, particularly of the willow. It occurs very 

 frequently in the southern parts of England, and 

 is not rare even in the more northern counties, 

 although we are not aware that it extends to 

 Scotland. 



We now come to that section of the nocturnal 

 lepidoptera which includes the extensive family of 

 Geometrine moths, the peculiar characters of which 

 have already been alluded to. They constitute the 

 Phalamce geometrce of Linne, and the Lepidoptera 

 semidiurna^ Phalcenites, or Arpenteuses, of more 

 recent writers. The caterpillars are remarkable for 

 their mode of progression and long narrow bodies, 

 which are generally free from hair, but not unfre- 

 quently furnished with knobs and protuberances. 



