INSECTA, CONTINUED 



217 



fan with their wings to ventilate the hive and, all the time, thousands 

 of others are bringing in the nectar, pollen, and propolis as needed 

 for use of the colony. Such a communal or colony life illustrates 

 the highest development of division of labor found among the 

 animals lower than man, and occurs among some ants and wasps 

 as well as bees, though nowhere carried to a higher point than in 

 the honey bee. 



Larval Forms. The larval forms of many insects are so different 

 from the adults that they have received separate names which 

 sometimes confuse the relationship. 



The larva of the 



beetle 



fly 



bee ' 



mosquito 



butterfly 



moth 



is called a 



grub 

 maggot 

 grub 

 wiggler 



caterpillar or " worm " 

 ( caterpillar or " worm " 



We speak of " silk worms," or " apple worms," etc., when we 

 really refer to larval forms of moths; " cabbage worms " and 

 " currant worms " are larvae of butterflies. 



" Wire worms " are beetle larvae; the " moth " that eats woolens 

 is the larva and not the moth itself; the " carpet bug " or " buffalo 

 bug " is the larva of a beetle. 



COLLATERAL READING 



Manual for the Study of Insects, Comstock, pp. 48-76, 104-118; Insect 

 Life, Comstock, pp. 11-21; Guide for the Study of Insects, Packard; En- 

 tomology for Beginners, Packard, pp. 178-223; Insecta, Hyatt and Arms; 

 Elements of Zoology, Davenport, pp. 11-89; Animals and Man, Kellogg, 

 Chap. XV; Textbook of Zoology, Colton, pp. 1-53; Lessons in Zoology, 

 Needham, pp. 36-104; Practical Zoology, Davison, pp. 30-125; Compara- 

 tive Zoology, Kingsley, pp. 213-234; Elementary Zoology, Galloway, pp. 

 232-273; First Book of Zoology, Morse, pp. 49-108; General Zoology, Lin- 

 ville and Kelly, pp. 1-100; General Zoology, Herrick, pp. 153-195; Animal 

 Life, Jordan, Kellogg and Heath, pp. 149-155; Animal Studies, Jordan, 

 Kellogg and Heath, pp. 130-149; Elementary Biology, Peabody and 

 Hunt, pp. 9-61; Introduction to Biology, Bigelow, pp. 279-286; Applied 

 Biology, Bigelow, pp. 380-398; Nature Study and Life, Hodge, Chap. 



