MAMMALS 319 



PRIMATES 



The Life of Animals, Ingersoll, pp. 7-57; Riverside Natural History, pp. 

 480-500; American Natural History, Hornaday, Chap. II; Animal Life, 

 Thompson, pp. 340-350; Types of Animal Life, Mivart, pp. 1-35; Winners 

 in Life's Race, Buckley, pp. 240-255, 333-353. 



SUMMARY 



Mammals excel in intelligence. 

 Birds excel in instinct and flight adaptations. 

 Insects excel in "division of labor" in communal forms. 

 Mammals vary in size from mouse to whale. 

 Mammals vary in distribution, relatively few in number (2500). 

 Characteristics. 



1. Living young, egg matures internally. 4. High cerebrum. 



2. Young nourished with milk. 5. Diaphragm. 



3. Hair. Fleshy lips. 6. Two sets teeth 



7. High circulation, left aorta. 

 Modifications of limbs (two pairs, five toed). 

 Adapted for . Examples 



Swimming Whale, seal 



Flight Bats 



Land locomotion Horse, deer 



Climbing Squirrel 



Burrowing Mole 



Fighting Cat, tiger, etc. 



Jumping, Kangaroo . 



Prehension Man 



Modification of teeth (incisors, canines, pre-molar, and molars) . 

 Catching prey Lion, tiger, cat 



Gnawing Beaver, rat, mouse 



Grinding Horse, cow 



Tusks Elephant 



Modifications of body covering. 



Hair Dog, horse, man 



Wool Sheep 



Quills Hedgehog, porcupine 



Scales Armadillo 



Claws, hoofs, bristles, tails, manes, etc., are other forms. 

 Rodents. 



Representatives. 

 Adaptations. 



Teeth for gnawing (incisors). 



1. Chisel shape, self -sharpening. 



2. Strong, powerful jaws and muscles. 



3. Continuous growth (why?). 



4. No canines. 



