CHAPTER XXXIV 

 THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAN 



Vocabulary 



Unwarranted, uncalled-for. 



Rudimentary, undeveloped traces of organs. 



Fossil, remains of former plants or animals, embedded in rocks. 



Evolution, gradual development, from simple to complex. 



With an egotism which is entirely unwarranted, we are ac- 

 customed to speak of " man and animals " whereas we ought to 

 say " man and other animals," for certainly man is an animal 

 just as truly as the beast of the field. 



By referring to the characteristics given in preceding chapters, 

 man's place in the zoological scale will be seen to be as follows: 



Kingdom: animal. 

 Branch: vertebrate. 

 Class: mammals. 

 Order: primates. 



The Idea of Evolution. As soon as man became intelligent enough 

 to make comparisons between himself and other animals, the 

 resemblances became apparent and led to the idea that some 

 relationship must exist with lower forms. Two thousand years 

 ago the Greeks discussed this fact and advanced various theories 

 to account for it. 



Very gradually, information accumulated, and the idea of re- 

 lationship developed into the theory that not only man but all 

 living things, both plant and animal, are not only related, but 

 actually descended from common ancestors. This is called the 

 theory of descent, or evolution. 



Evidences of Evolution. 1. Rudimentary Organs. Not only do 

 all animals resemble each other in general ways, but many forms 



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