358 BIOLOGY FOR BEGINNERS 



milk and cheese; (4) gluten in grains; (5) albumin in eggs; but all con- 

 tain nitrogen. 



There are many kinds of carbohydrates as, 



(1) Several kinds of starches (corn, potato, sago, arrow root). 



(2) Many kinds of sugars (cane, saccharose: grape, glucose: milk, 

 lactose: fruit, fructose). 



(3) Cellulose. 



(4) Gums and resins (some of them). 



THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF CORRECT EATING 



The human body is very much like an engine. It needs fuel to 

 keep it running. As it has to be built so must it be repaired from 

 time to time, also it must be regulated, hence, we need A Fuel 

 food; B Building or repair food; C -^Regulating food. 



Fuel Foods. As in the case of an engine, the main requirement 

 is for fuel. Unlike an engine, however, if the human body does not 

 secure sufficient fuel it will literally burn to death, the tissues being 

 drawn upon to supply the fuel. On the other hand, the human 

 engine may easily become overstoked by an excess of fuel. The 

 following list shows the main fuel foods, the great foundation foods 

 of the diet, that supply energy for muscular work. Mental work 

 requires so little extra fuel that it is not necessary to consider it 

 specially. There are three groups of fuel foods. Here they are in 

 the order of their cost per calorie, those giving most energy for 

 the money heading the list. 



1. Starchy Foods 



Cornmeal Rice Split peas, yellow 



Hominy Macaroni Dried navy beans 



Broken Rice Spaghetti Bread 



Oatmeal Cornstarch Potatoes 



Flour Dried lima beans Bananas 



2. Sugars 3. Fats 



Sugar Candy Drippings Peanut butter 



Corn syrup Molasses Lard Milk 



Dates Most Fruits Salt pork Bacon 



Oleomargarine Butter 

 Nutmargarine Cream 



