360 BIOLOGY FOR BEGINNERS 



Pears, Currants, Raspberries, Cranberries, Prunes, Dates, Figs, 

 Oranges. 



4. Hard Foods. Vigorous use of teeth and jaws is insured by 

 hard foods, such as crusts, hard crackers, toast, Zwieback, fibrous 

 vegetables and fruits, celery and nuts, which are necessary to 

 keep teeth and gums in a healthy condition. 



5. Accessories or Vitamines. These are minute substances 

 (vitamines and Jipoids) present in a very small quantity in a number 

 of foods and apparently necessary to keep the body in health. That 

 is, the absence of these elements seems to lead to poisoning of the 

 body, which results in such disturbances as scurvy, beri-beri, and 

 other so-called " deficiency " diseases. Milk, eggs, whole wheat, 

 corn, oatmeal, potatoes and oranges, skins or hulls of cereals, fresh 

 meat, fresh peas and beans are thought to contain them. It seems 

 necessary to include the leaves of plants (green vegetables) when 

 the seeds (cereals, grain, flour, etc.) are used as food if the diet is 

 to be complete and well balanced. Fruit and vegetable acids are 

 regulating. They keep the blood alkaline and prevent constipation. 



COLLATERAL READINGS 



Principles of Nutrition, At water, entire; Studies in Physiology, Peabody, 

 pp. 41-61; Elements of Cookery, Williams and Fisher, pp. 136-142, look 

 through; Chemistry of Common Things, Brownlee, pp 242-265; Food 

 Materials, Richards, pp. 1-19; Pure Foods, Oleson, pp. 1-32; Plants and 

 their Uses, Sargent, look through; Source, Chemistry and Use of Food, 

 Bailey, look through; World's Commercial Products, Freeman, see index; 

 Food and Dietetics, Hutchinson, see index; Practical Hygiene, Harrington 

 and Richardson, see i ex; Feeding the Family, Rose, entire; Human 

 Foods, Snyder, see index; Children's Diet in Home and School, Hogan, see 

 index; Food and Dietetics, Norton, see index; The Cost of Food, Richards 

 and Norton, entire; Foods and their Adulteration, Wiley, see index; Ele- 

 mentary Biology, Peabody and Hunt (Pt. II), pp. 44-63; Physiology, 

 Experimental and Descriptive, Colton, pp. 167-193; Textbook in General 

 Physiology and Anatomy, Eddy, pp. 51-89; Applied Physiology, Overton, 

 pp. 51-66; Human Mechanism, Hough and Sedgwick, pp. 95-97; The 

 Human Body and Health, Davidson, pp. 35-44; The Human Body, 

 Martin, pp. 88-105; General Science, Clark, pp. 60-69; Elementary Physi- 

 ology, Huxley, pp. 250-252, 291-303; High School Physiology, Hewes, 

 pp. 87-91; Essentials of Biology, Hunter, pp. 330-350; U. S. Department 

 of Agriculture, Farm Bulletins, 23, 34, 74, 85, 93, 128, 142, 182, 249, 256, 

 295, etc.; Periodical, "The Forecast," Philadelphia. 



