NUTRITION 377 



4. Assimilation which takes place wherever there is a living 

 cell to be nourished. 



Attention should be called to the important part played by 

 osmosis in all these processes. It is concerned in the secretion of 

 all digestive fluids; in the absorption of digested foods through 

 the walls of the capillaries and lacteals, and in the passage of these 

 same foods outward from the capillaries, as lymph, in assimilation. 



COLLATERAL READING 



The Body at Work, Gulick, pp. 149-172; Civic Biology Hunter, pp. 

 296-312; Human Mechanism, Hough and Sedgwick, pp. 89-131; Studies 

 in Physiology, Peabody, pp. 75-166; Elementary Physiology, Huxley, 

 pp. 249-303; Applied Physiology, Overton, pp. 51-73; Physiology for Be- 

 ginners, Foster and Shore, pp. 128-156; The Human Body, Martin, pp. 

 106-146; General Physiology, Eddy, pp. 90-158; Physiology Textbook, 

 Colton, pp. 194-231; Human Body and Health, Davidson, pp, 76-105; 

 High School Physiology, Hughes, pp. 87-142. 



SUMMARY 

 Digestive Changes. 



1. Making food soluble (for osmosis). 



2. Changing food chemically (for assimilation). 



3. Changes caused by 



(a) Mechanical action of teeth and stomach. 



(b) Chemical action of fluids, enzymes, ferments. 



Digestive organs (cf. with other animals). 



1. Mouth 



2. Gullet and stomach. 



3. Intestine. 



Mouth. 



Functions in digestion. 



1. Mechanical (chewing). 



2. Chemical (saliva). 

 Openings and organs. 



1. Nasal openings (2), where, how protected, into what. 



2. Eustachian tubes (2), where, how protected, into what. 



3. Trachea (relation of epiglottis and tongue). 



4. Gullet. 



5. Hard and soft palate. 



6. Tonsils, adenoids. 



