THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY 541 



successful conclusion. Among many other discoveries, Carrell 

 has developed a very successful method of treating infected wounds 

 which saved thousands of lives during the war. Flexner has been 

 investigating anti-toxin treatments for infantile paralysis and 

 similar diseases. 



Charles Darwin. If applied biology owes its greatest debt to 

 Pasteur and his successors, certainly theoretical biology owes 



FIG. 166. Thomas Henry Huxley. 

 From Locy. 



1825-1895. 



more to Charles Darwin and his co-workers than to any other 

 man. His work along the line of evolution and natural selection 

 revolutionized all modern thought and has been briefly described 

 in Chapters 34 and 35. 



Associated with him was Alfred Russell Wallace who reached 

 the same conclusions as Darwin, though working from different 

 facts and entirely independent of his ideas. 



