552 



INDEX 



factory and housing conditions, 443. 



fats, 20, 22, 23; energy producer, 

 343, 346. 



feathers, 283. 



ferns, 127. 



fertilization, plant, 108, 113, 114; 

 of fish eggs, 247; of the soil, 487. 



fever, typhoid, 137, 142; yellow, 

 scarlet, 151, 469; cattle 90. 



fiber plants, cotton, 455; flax, hemp, 

 jute, manila, 457; coconut, 458. 



fibrinogen, 395. 



filament, 113. 



Fischer, Professor Irving, quoted, 

 434, 515. 



fishes, structure, 239-246; nest, 247; 

 value as food, 480; as fertilizer, 

 481. 



fission, 148. 



flax, 457, 459. 



Flexner, Dr., American scientist, 541. 



flint, carved, of Old Stone Age, 338. 



flower, function and structure of, 108. 



fly, house (typhoid), 220; danger 

 from, 222, 223; rate of repro- 

 duction, 224. 



food, definition, 342; functions of 

 organic and inorganic, 343; pro- 

 portions, 345; fuel, starchy, sugars, 

 fats, 358; building and repair 

 (protein), mineral salts, water, 

 ballast or bulk, 359; hard, vita- 

 mines, 360; public control of, 441. 



forests, value of, for control of water 

 supply, 495 ; distribution of national 

 forests, 496; benefit to soil, 497; 

 effect on climate, 497; as home for 

 birds and game, 498; products of, 

 498; enemies of, 500, 501; fires in, 

 501; protection of, 502; reserves, 

 rangers, forestry schools, replanting, 

 502. 



frog, development of, 253; structure, 

 254-261. 



fruit, types of, 118, 119; functions 

 of, 119; structure, 120; economic 



importance of, 124-125; use as 

 food, 455. 



fruit tree pests, 474. 



fuels, use of plants for, 458. 



fungi (parasite), 127, 129; examples, 

 mushroom, 129; rust, smut, mil- 

 dew, mould, 130. 



G 



ganglia, 410. 



garden pests, potato "bug," etc., 475. 



gastric fluid, 371. 



"General Sherman" tree (Sequoia), 



81. 

 geotropism, the response of plant 



parts to gravitation, 58; positive, 



60, 62. 



germ, diseases, 4; sterilization of, 141. 

 germicides, 140. 

 germination (plant), 41. 

 gills, 173; of arthropods, 182; fish, 



241. 

 glands, 368; salivary, 369; pyorlic, 



371; intestinal, liver, 373; pancreas, 



374; kidneys, 403. 

 glycogen (liver starch), 374. 

 gorilla, 316. 



Gorgas, Col. W. C., 229. 

 grafting, 79. 



grasshopper, 193; structure, 193-198. 

 Grassi and Bignami, 231. 

 grippe and colds, 137. 

 ground-pines, 127. 

 guano, 305. 

 gullet, of man, 363, 370. 



H 



Harvey, William, circulation of the 

 blood, proved by, 535; portrait, 

 536. 



habit formation, 412, 413. 



haemoglobin, 388, 395. 



hawk-moth posed before a jimson- 

 weed, 110. 



hearing, sense of, 416. 



heart, action of, 397. 



