GLOSSARY-INDEX 413 



Peranema, 75, 217. 



perennials (Lat. per = through + annus = year). Plants living year after 

 year. 



perfect flowers. Those with both stamens and pistils, 121. 



perianth (Gr. peri = around + anthos = a flower). A name given to the 

 calyx and corolla combined, 119. 



pericardium (Gr. peri = around + cardia = the heart). A sac surround- 

 ing the heart, 187. 



perichondrium (Gr. peri = around + chondros = cartilage). Fibrous ma- 

 terial surrounding cartilage. 



peripheral system, 163. 



periosteum (Gr. peri = around + osteon = bone). Fibrous material sur- 

 rounding bone. 



peristalsis (Gr. peri = around + stellein = to place). The writhing mo- 

 tions of the intestine, 205. 



peritoneum (Gr. peri = around -f teinein = to stretch). The membrane 

 lining the abdominal cavity, 167, 171, 187. 



peritrichic (Gr. peri = around + thrix = hah-). With flagella distributed 

 over the body, 81. 



perivisceral fluid (Gr. peri = around + Lat. viscera). See ccelomic fluid. 



pes. The foot. 



petals. Leaves which form the corolla, 119. 



petiole. The stem of a leaf, 114. 



phagocytes (Gr. phagein = to eat + cytos = a sac). Leucocytes with the 

 power of absorbing solid objects, 205. 



phalanges. -The bones of the fingers and toes, 182. 



phanerogams (Gr. phaneros = visible + gamos = marriage). Plants which 

 produce flowers, 103. 



pharynx. The throat cavity, 158. 



phloem (Gr. phloios = inner bark). The bark, 105. 



photosynthesis (Gr. phos = light + synthesis composition). The func- 

 tion of starch making, possessed by green plants only, 129, 135, 218. 



phototropism (Gr. phos = light + trope = a turning). Reaction to light, 

 58. 



phyla. The largest subdivisions of animals and plants, 373. 



phytogeny (Gr. phylon = tribe + -geneia = a producing). The past history 

 of organisms, 290. 



physiology (Gr. physis = nature + -logia). The study of the functions 

 of the different animals and plants, 19. 



pia mater (Lat. piits = delicate + mater = mother). A delicate mem- 

 brane surrounding the brain and cord, inside the dura mater, 194. 



pigeons, 338, 



