CONTENTS. ix 



tions in surveying for roads to be avoided How roads should be laid out Should be substantially 

 constructed A solid and unyielding foundation necessary Form of the road-bed Removing ob 

 structions and repairing roads System of drainage for roads The construction of catch waters or 

 bars Value of the stone crusher and roller in road making. 549 



Farm Roads. 



The great convenience of roads connecting different portions of the farm How constructed The 

 road grader Farm roads an economy in the saving of time, labor, and accidents. 558 



Farm Fences. 



Necessity of fences on the farm A surplus found in many sections Expense and labor in constructing 

 and repairs Different kinds of fence Rail fence Post and rail Board fence Stone wall 

 Hedge Wire fence Arguments for and against the wire fence Importance of fences being well 

 made and kept in good repair. 560 



Wastes and Wants of the Farm. 



Common waste of fertilizers Exhaustion of soil from constant cropping with an insufficient supply of 

 manure Neglect to perform work at the proper time Labor not always economized Carelessness 

 or indifference Slovenly management Doing work overnice Use of poor tools Lack of care 

 of farm implements Insufficient help on the farm Poor teams Inconvenience of farm buildings 

 and arrangement of farms Farmers should read the best agricultural books and papers and keep 

 up with the times in advanced methods of farming Less drudgery in farm life and more knowl 

 edge and skill in conducting the business Better farm implements essential Labor-saving imple 

 ments to be used wherever practicable Larger crops should generally be produced from the same 

 amount of land English agriculture an example A more perfect system of management in farm 

 ing Advantage of keeping an accurate account of receipts and expenditures Farmers too often 

 put the receipts of the farm into the bank or bonds instead of using them for the improvement of 

 lands or farm buildings More capital required for successful farming. 572 



PART II. FARMS AND FARM BUILDINGS. 



Choice of Farms. 



A wise choice essential Location Quality of soil Size The adoption of improved methods often bet 

 ter than change of locality A change should not be thoughtlessly made Desertion of the old 

 homestead too frequently a mistake Advantage of large farms Advantage of small farms Pro 

 prietors of small farms should cooperate The farm should be no larger than can be properly 

 managed All the capital should not be invested in land. 582 



Model Farms. 



Advantages of a thorough system in conducting a farm The best methods always the most profitable 

 Examples of model farms &quot;Echo Farm&quot; Its management Improvements, etc. &quot;Deerfoot 

 Farm &quot; &quot; Mountain Side Farm &quot; &quot; Lorillard Stock Farm &quot; &quot; Hillhurst &quot; Long View Farm,&quot; etc. 



587 



Large Farms of the Country. 



Large farms a necessity in some sections of the country Western farms Southern Eastern Products 

 Noted large farms of the country &quot;The Dalrymple Farm,&quot; including Cass, Cheney, The Alton, 

 and Grandin farms &quot; Quinn farm&quot; &quot; Glen Farm, etc.&quot; 609 



Farm Buildings. 



What buildings are necessary on the farm All farm buildings should be made convenient, and in as 

 good taste as practicable Expense Repairs Painting buildings The farm house should be 

 pleasantly located, near the road Should be convenient, tasty, roomy, light and well-ventilated 

 The farmer should make his home attractive to his children Influence upon character The exhi 

 bition of good taste not necessarily an extravagance Size should be adapted to the needs of the 

 family Height of buildings Plans for houses Interior arrangement Expense Warmth 

 Windows Doors Floors Stairs Roofs Chimneys Mantels and closets Piazzas Eave troughs 

 Blinds Lightning rods Ventilation Cellars The barn Granary Hog house Poultry house 

 Wagon house or shed Wood house Store house Water closets and vaults Tool house and 

 repair shop Ice house. 613 



