LARGE FARMS OF THE COUNTRY. 611 



harrows; in others, spare parts for reapers, plows, etc.; and a row of wagons outside. Each 

 of these double plows travels from 18 to 20 miles a day, and turns over about 5 acres daily. 

 The crop is cut down by self -binding reapers, cutting down 1 2 acres a day, and attended by 

 a driver and two stokers. It is threshed out in the field, the straw burned, and the wheat 

 taken straight to the cars on a special siding. Each machine threshes about 1000 bushels 

 daily. Wages for ploughmen are $18 to $20 a month and board. We were told that 

 analyses of the sub- soil showed that it contained all the elements necessary for growing 

 wheat, should the surface soil become exhausted, but the latter is expected to last many years. 

 In returning to the station we saw the train approach quite half an hour before it reached us, 

 as the track is perfectly straight for 50 miles west. On our way back to Glyndon we saw 

 extensive prairie fires raging to the northwards, but they were fortunately extinguished by 

 heavy rains during the night. We met the rest of the party at the station next morning, 

 and proceeded by rail to Winnipeg, which we reached in 18 hours.&quot; 



Another section of the Dalrymple farm, known as the Grandin Farm, is thus described 

 by another writer: 



&quot;The lands were purchased from the railroad company in 1875 and 1876, the first- 

 mentioned tract to be devoted to wheat-raising, and the second to stock. With the exception 

 of the small belt of timber-lands along the Red and Goose rivers, both tracts are beautiful 

 expanses of the richest lands in this noted valley, the surface a gently undulating prairie, 

 soil a rich alluvial deposit, with clay sub-soil of unlimited capacity for production of grass 

 and grain. The first breaking on the wheat farm was in 1876, 2600 acres, and the season of 

 1878 was the second year of its operation. The writer was on the place, and from its efficient 

 agent, J. R. Hogan, got the following facts. 



There was under cultivation in 1878 as follows: In wheat. 4,000 acres; yield, 80,000 

 bushels (not having been all shipped at the time, part of the yield was estimated by measure 

 ment in the bins, bfit the quality of the grain being extra No. 1, it will overrun this amount 

 by weight). Oats, 330 acres, 14,025 bushels; average, 42 per acre. Barley, 79 acres, 

 5,701 bushels; average, 72^ per acre. Turnips, 3,000 bushels from 53 acres. Potatoes, 

 13| acres, 2,000 bushels; average, 149^ per acre. There were 8 acres of beans not then 

 threshed. Hay to the amount of 2,000 tons had been cut and stacked. New breaking, 1,750 

 acres, making for cultivation in 1879 some 6,265 acres. Of implements to carry on the oper 

 ations, we counted 79 ^plows, 55 harrows, 24 seeders, 28 self -binding harvesters, 6 steam 

 threshers, 40 wagons, with full supply of all other necessary articles. During harvest and 

 threshing time the roll exhibited 235 men, with some 25 hired teams in addition to the 109 

 head of horses and mules owned on the farm. The farm is divided into three parts, and the 

 buildings for each subdivision, so far as erected, are as follows: 



Division No. 1. Headquarters; has a dwelling 32 by 32 feet, one and one-half stories; 

 office and store-house, 25 by 50 feet, one story; granary No. 1, 56 by 60 feet; two and one- 

 half stories; blacksmith shop, 16 by 26 feet; pig-pen, 14 by 60 feet; lodging-house, 16 by 32 

 feet, two stories; stable, 50 by 60 feet, 20 feet posts, with one-story wing, 28 by 60 feet; 

 steam feed-mill, 16 by 40 feet, two stories, with wing 18 by 26 feet; wheat elevator, 18 by 

 40 feet, two stories, with fine shed for storing engines and threshers, some 75 feet long. 



Division No. 2. Dwelling, 32 by 32 feet, one and one-half stories; stable, 56 by 60 

 feet, two stories; granary No. 2, 56 by 60 feet, two and one-half stories; wheat elevator, 20 

 by 40 feet, two stories. 



Division No. 3. Dwelling, 32 by 32 feet, one and one-half stories; stable, 30 by 60 

 feet, two stories; total stabling capacity now, 190 horses; granary capacity, 65,000 bushels. 



These buildings are of the most substantial character, plain but symmetrical, and of 

 pleasing style of architecture, built with reference to all the conveniences necessary to make 

 them of the greatest possible benefit in their various uses. All the buildings are supplied 



