THE HORSE. 681 



as my sheep and cattle; that none of them should be surpassed; and that I would find out a 

 way to breed and rear my own, instead of going into the market to purchase the fruits of 

 other people s industry. I knew very well what I wanted. I did not want a running-horse, 

 nor a saddle-horse, nor a cart-horse. I wanted a horse of all work a horse weighing a little 

 more than ten hundred pounds, in good road condition; fifteen hands and one inch high (for 

 I had found that this height and weight usually go together); with a head not too fine, wide 

 between the eyes, and high above them; with a good-sized, steady, erect, and lively ear; with 

 every bony process sharp and prominent even the processes of the first cervical vertebra 

 behind the ears; with a calm and well-set eye, and lips which indicate determination rather 

 than delicacy; a Websterian head, with a neck well muscled, well arched, strong, and elastic; 

 with active motion, and a throttle loose and open; with withers not sharp and thin, but solid 

 and strong; with a shoulder set loosely on, broad and deep at the base ; with a strong arm, 

 sinewy leg, short cannon-bone, firm and not too long or elastic a pastern, and a firm foot; with 

 a deep chest, without a prominent and bulging breast-bone; with a round barrel, ribbed well 

 back toward the hips, but not so far back as to interfere with the action of the hind -quarters; 

 with a short back, and a slight elevation of the rump just behind the coupling; with a long 

 and strong quarter, well muscled inside and outside; with a hind-leg so set on, that the action 

 shall be free and open, and with the fore-leg so set on, that the toes shall not turn out for 

 fear of brushing the knees at speed, and that they shall not turn in too much for fear of 

 paddling. I wanted a good strong bay color with black points, and a temperament calm, 

 collected, fearless, defiant, and a brain quick to learn, and strong to remember. This was 

 the horse I wanted, and I felt sure I could breed him.&quot; 



We may add with propriety, that Dr. Loring did breed him successfully, and so may any 

 farmer who understands the true principles of breeding, and conforms to them. 



The Carriage Horse. The English carriage-horses are generally larger than those 

 of this country. The carriages used in England are also larger and heavier than American 

 ones, consequently there is a great demand there for large carriage-horses of elegant style 

 and free, rapid action. In this country we have many trotting horses, but there seems to be 

 a scarcity of the larger carriage-horses of the English type, although there is at present an 

 increasing demand for them. As has been stated by one of our prominent agricultural 

 writers 



&quot; &quot;We have as yet no distinctive breeds of driving-horses or roadsters. The horses used 

 for light driving, fast trotting, etc., are largely a conglomeration of all breeds and types. 

 Some approximate the French Canadian pony in form and action, while others possess most 

 of the characteristics of the thoroughbred ; but so popular has fast trotting become in this 

 country, and so universal is the fancy for fast driving-horses, that at almost all our fairs the 

 roadster class will be found more largely represented than any other, and usually more 

 largely than all others combined. Indeed, the roadster is more distinctly an American 

 feature than any other in our equine product; and we are fast approaching the time when 

 the American trotting-horse will be classed as a distinct breed. It is the creation of an 

 American fancy the result of a fashion that has demanded the fastest and stoutest trotting- 

 horses in the world for driving on the road; and to this end we have selected and bred until 

 our horses surpass all others in this particular. Among these horses we have several recog 

 nized families of especial prominence, all more or less related, but each possessing features 

 that are to some extent peculiarly its own, but none of them entitled to be called a breed.&quot; 



A good carriage-horse should have a moderately small head, free from much flesh, thin 

 lips, open nostril, a kindly, expressive eye, full and lustrous, a broad forehead, wide between 

 the eyes, but not between the ears, ears rather small, finely formed, quick and playful in 

 motion; throat broad, neck slender, well set and arching; the skin thin, hair fine and glossy; 

 chest deep, withers high; oblique shoulder; body and limbs well formed and adapted to 



