THE HORSE. 



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and which are of great importance to the purchaser, whether the animal is designed for the 

 track, carriage, farm, or draft horse, one of which is the pedigree of the animal. It is true 

 that some very fine animals have been produced, as it were by accident, with no pedigree to 

 which to trace their origin; but these are the rare exceptions, the general rule being, that like 

 begets like. 



Again, it is of importance to know how a horse has been raised, whether he has received 

 kind treatment or has been ill-treated to the injury of his disposition and physical powers; 

 what has been his principal food, etc. There are localities in the country where young 

 horses are fed very much as swine are, while there are others in which grass, hay, and oats 

 are the principal food of the colt, diet which tends to the production and development of the 

 bone and muscle required 

 for hard service, whether 

 on the road or at the plow. 

 The mature horse, it is 

 true, may be fed moder- &amp;lt; 

 ately on corn without in 

 jury to the animal ; but, 

 in this connection, it 

 should b e remembered 

 that corn and the produc 

 tion of beef and pork are 

 more intimately related 

 than corn and horse-flesh 

 are, and that what is 

 needed in the horse is 

 hardihood and endurance. 

 If to these we add speed, 

 we have the American 

 trotter; while if to these 

 we add strength, we have 

 the American work-horse. 

 The illustration above 



1. Forehead. 



2. Jaw. 



3. Throat. 

 given, showing the sever- 4. Breast. 



al parts of the horse, and 5&amp;gt; 8houlder - 



6. Arm. 11. Loin. 



7. Large Pastern. 12. Hip. 



8. Small Pastern. 13. Stifle. 



9. Withers. 14. Thigh. 

 10. Back. 



16. Point of the Hock. 



17. Hock. 



18. Croup or Rump. 



19. Dock. 



15. Hamstring. 20. Cannon-Bones. 



indicated by terms recognized by horsemen generally, will prove of value to those not 

 already familiar with them. 



Temperament. With animals, as with individuals, there are different tempera 

 ments. One of the most essential points to be observed concerning horses is the temperament. 

 There should always be a distinguishing difference recognized between temperament and 

 temper, or disposition. This difference is very aptly defined by Murray, as follows: &quot;The 

 temper is an accident, the result of education, or treatment; in rare instances, of birth; but 

 the temperament is a law or mode of being affecting arid modifying the physical structure and 

 the nervous forces. The temper can be modified or changed the vicious can be made 

 amiable, and the amiable vicious. Not so with the temperament; that is fixed at birth, and 

 remains immutable, dominating over the entire organization. Diet, training, treatment in 

 sickness these, and much beside, are suggested to the thoughtful mind by the temperament 

 of the horse. 



I could show that this matter of temperamental organization of the horse potentially 

 affects the entire animal even every minute point of the physical structure, and each 

 separate part and function of the body. If the temperament be an active, lively one, then 

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