EXETER AND TORQUAY MEETING. xlix. 



mile and a quarter further on over the hill. The party were 

 received by the Hon. Secretary, Mr. A. Somervail, who first led 

 them into one of the three fine library rooms on the ground floor 

 and showed them an excellent portrait in oils of Mr. Win. 

 Pengelly, F.R.S., F.G.S., who superintended the exploration of 

 the cave and the excavation of its animal debris, and also the 

 subsequent arrangement of the remains in the Museum. The 

 work was begun on March 28th, 1865, and ended on June igth, 

 1880, thus extending over upwards of 15 years. It was carried 

 out in the most systematic and thorough manner. Everything 

 found in the various strata in each foot level was carefully 

 recorded and preserved separately from what was found in other 

 feet, and all the remains were arranged in the Museum wall 

 cases, as they may now be seen, in due order of sequence. 

 Thus, beginning at one end with modern articles found on the 

 surface of the cave, the visitor can by pacing a few feet along the 

 Museum floor pass, as it were, into far bygone geological and 

 palaeontological periods, for the cave in its successive deposits 

 has revealed to us the upward progress of humanity in the 

 "Breccia," man, a hunter of the rudest type; in the "Cave 

 earth," an improved hunter and fisher with an eye for a little 

 art ; in the interval between the " Granular Stalagmite " 

 and the " Black Mould," man, a herdsmen and a farmer, 

 attended by domesticated animals ; in the " Black Mould," man, 

 a miner and metal worker, a trader, a merchant, and a soldier ; 

 and, last of all, on the surface of the " Black Mould," and by the 

 evidence of the trenches cut down through the very deepest 

 deposits of the cave, man, a holiday-maker and pleasure-seeker, 

 a gentleman and scholar, a scientist and philosopher. 



Mr. A. Somervail, after bearing generous witness to the value 

 of Mr. Pengelly's work, led the party upstairs into the Museum, 

 and gave a sketch of the strata in Kent's Cavern and the remains 

 found in them. In Devonshire, he said, there were five geologi- 

 cal formations that were lacking in Dorsetshire, namely, the 

 Triassic, the Permian, the Carboniferous, the Devonian, and the 

 Metamorphic rocks. Kent's Cavern was in the Devonian 



