ROMAN PAVEMENTS. 249 



invented the appropriate machine. But whereas Brachet, of the 

 Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, in his Etymological Dictionary 

 of the French Language, 1868, says that Guilloche was the 

 inventor's name, Menage, the author of the First French Etymo- 

 logical Dictionary, 1650, says that the man's name was Guillot ; 

 while, to make matters more difficult still, we find a somewhat 

 similar word in the English of 1663, "the fret has in the 

 bottome, a dubble golose." 



No doubt either the cable or the braid decoration may be 

 called quite correctly a guilloche, but the former terms are 

 themselves sufficiently descriptive, whereas we lack one to 

 designate the peculiar looped "snare-work," of which we have 

 here such a good illustration. It is a pity that we have lost the 

 English word golose, but we shall do well to follow the example 

 of those who restrict the French term guilloche to this otherwise 

 nameless design. 



The Fylfot. That the makers and admirers of these mosaics 

 saw and understood this device in the Fylfot fret I have already 

 proved from the Brading pavement, in which the symbol is cut 

 off from its surroundings and occupies a place of honour. To 

 this evidence I now add an empanelled Fylfot from Basildon, 

 Berks, in which its precise form is emphasised. 



The Duplex. I show again a few diagrams which were part 

 of the proof that the Duplex was once a sign of the twofold 

 course of the sun, and afterwards became a symbol of the double 

 nature of Christ. It usually assumes the form of a crux 

 decussata, the cross of S. Andrew, the Protoclete, the First- 

 called, who had exclaimed "We have found the Christ" 

 (John L, 41). 



Amphota. When Pliny uses the word amphora (XXXVII. , 2), 

 it is to denote a liquid measure of 48 sextarii or nearly six 

 gallons (5 gal., 7*577 pints). And the vase in the Mosaic at 

 Pergamus, on which doves were perched, he calls a cantharus. 

 This group became a favourite motif in art. It is conspicuous 

 in the pavement of Hadrian's Villa at Tivoli. It occurs at 

 Verona, in a Roman Mosaic that lies beneath the cloisters of the 



