ARTESIAN WELLS IN DORSET AND ELSEWHERE. 20j 



Remarks on the Flowing Wells of Australia*. No country in the 

 world has yielded such results to deep boring as Australia. The 

 region more especially exploited lies mainly in Queensland, 

 New South Wales, and South Australia, and may be described as 

 an immense basin known as the. Great Plains. These are 

 situated between the Australian Highlands on the east, and the 

 immense western platean which goes under the general term of 

 Westralia on the west. The surface of these plains is arid in 

 the extreme, but deep below the surface of these are sands and 

 shales saturated with water, which is under such high pressure 

 that when bores are sunk through the clays, which form the cap 

 of the underground reservoir, the water rushes up the borehole 

 to the surface, and discharges as a Flowing Well, which may be 

 made the artificial fountain of a new river. See Figure 4-f 



FIGURE 4. 



* Notes on the Mowing Wells of East Central Australia in Stanford's Com- 

 pendium Geography, &c., and the "Dead Heart of Australia," by Professor 

 Gregory, F.R.S., F.G.S. 



t Reproduced from the " Dead Heart of Australia " by the kind permission of 

 Prof. Gregory. 



