THRUSHES. 21 



BED WING. Turdus iliacus, L. 



Yarrell, i. p. 268; Harting, p. n ; Dresser, ii. p. 35 ; Seebohm, 

 i p. 220; Ibis List, p. 2 ; Pulteney's List, p. 10. 



Unlike the Song-Thrush, the Redwing is essentially 

 gregarious. It is an autumn visitor, arriving early 

 in October. It is reported to have nested in four 

 English counties, as well as in North Wales. See 

 Zoologist, 1855, p. 7427, and Ibis, 1865, p. 19. 



FIELDFAKE. Turdus pilaris, L. 



Yarrell, i. p. 272 ; Harting, p. n ; Dresser, ii. p. 41 ; Seebohm, 

 i. p. 228 ; Ibis List, p. 2 ; Pulteney's List, p. i. 



The Fieldfare arrives later than the Redwing, about 

 the beginning of November. It breeds within the 

 Arctic circle, but farther south than the Redwing, to 

 the limit, and occasionally beyond, the forest growth. 

 It is said to have nested in this country, but Mr. 

 Seebohm considers that farther proof of the state- 

 ment is necessary. 



BLACKBIRD. Turdus merula, L. 



Tarrell, i. p. 280; Harting, p. 12; Dresser, ii. p. 91 ; Merula 

 merula, Seebohm, i. p. 235 ; Ibis List, p. 4. 



The Blackbird is a resident, but, like the Song- 

 Thrush, migratory in the autumn. This has been 

 abundantly proved by the numbers which have been 

 observed at the lighthouses and lightships during 

 the period of migration. 



