132 



UMBELLIFERyR. 



Wet grounds. N. J. ! to Geor. W. to Texas. Aug. r l\..> Stem 23 (some 

 times 46) feet high, smooth, dichotomous above. Leaves variable in breadth. 

 Flowers white or pale blue. Medicinal. See Ell. Sk. i. 343. 



Button Snake-root. 



2. E. Virginianum Lam. : leaves linear-lanceolate, elongated, slightly 

 serrate, tapering at each end ; flowers in large terminal umbels or cymes ; 

 leafets of the involucre 7 8, longer than the heads, 3-cleft or dentate- 

 spiny, whitish beneath. E. aquaticum Mick. 



Marshes. N. J. to Flor. W. to Texas. July, Aug. (g). Stem 2 5 feet 

 high, cymosely branched at the summit, hollow. Heads numerous, nearly an 

 inch in diameter, pale blue or nearly white. Virginian Eryngo. 



** Umbels compound or perfect. 

 6. CICUTA. Linn. Cowbane. 



(A Latin name applied to a hollow stem or internodes ; such as occur in this 

 genus.) 



Calyx with the margin 5-toothed. Petals obcordate, reflexed. 

 Fruit roundish, didymous, laterally contracted. Carpels with 

 5 equal flattish ribs ; the lateral ones margined. General in- 

 volucre none or few-leaved ; partial one many-leaved. 



1. C.maculata Linn.: stem spotted; lower leaves tri-ternate and qui- 

 nate ; upper bi-ternate ; segments lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 mucronate-serrate ; umbels large, axillary and terminal ; partial involucre 

 of 5 6 setaceous leaves. 



Wet grounds. Can. to Geor. W. to Oregon. July, Aug. TJ.. Stem 4 6 

 feet high, terete, smooth. Petals white, obcordate. Poisonous and medicinal. 

 Big. Med. Bot. i. 125. Spotted Cowbane. Water Hemlock. 



2. C. bidbifera Linn. : leaves various, ternate and bi-ternate ; leafets 

 linear and linear-lanceolate, remotely toothed ; umbels small, axillary and 

 terminal ; partial involucre of 3 5 subulate leaves ; axils of the leaves 

 bulbiferous. 



Swamps. Can. to Penn. ; rare. Aug. Ij-. Stem 2 3 feet high, smooth 

 and slender. Umbels small. Flowers white. Bulb-bearing Cowbane. 



7. ZIZIA. Koch. Meadow Parsnip. 

 (In honor of J. B. Zizii, a German botanist.) 



Calyx with the margin obsolete or very short, 5-toothed. 

 Petals elliptic, attenuated into a long inflexed point. Fruit 

 laterally contracted, subdidymous, roundish or oval. Carpels 

 with 5 prominent equal ribs ; the lateral ribs margined. Gen- 

 eral involucre none ; partial one few-leaved. 



1. Z. aurea Koch. : lower leaves bi-ternate, upper bi-ternatc or ternate; 

 segments oblong-lanceolate, attenuate at base, incisely serrate ; partial in- 

 volucre 3-leaved, unilateral. Smyrnium aurcum Linn. 



Rocky hills. Can. to Geor. W. to Miss. June, July. <7\..Stem about 2 feet 

 high, branching at the top. Umbel 10 15-rayed ; partial rays short. Flowers 

 bright yellow. Fruit blackish. Golden Alexanders. 



2. Z. cordaia Koch. : radical leaves undivided, cordate, crenate. on long 



