140 ARALIACE^E. 



ribs ; the lateral ribs margined. Involucres 3 5-leaved ^ par* 

 tial one dimidiate or unilateral. 



C. maculatum Linn. : stem erect, branched, smooth and spotted ; leaves 

 large, tri-pinnate ; leafets lanceolate, pinnatifid ; ultimate segments acute ; 

 general and partial umbels many-rayed ; general involucre of several short 

 lanceolate leaves; partial one few-leaved, li near-lanceolate, directed to 

 one side. 



Road sides. Can. and the U. S. July. (g). Stem 2 4 feet high. Leaves 

 smooth and shining. Flowers white, numerous. Probably introduced. Whole 

 plant, highly poisonous; fetid when bruised. Medicinal. Big. Med. Bot. i. 113. 



Poison Hemlock. 



ORDER LXI. ARALIACE^E. IVYWORTS. 



Calyx superior, entire or toothed. Petals definite, 5 10, 

 valvate in aestivation, occasionally none. Stamens as many or 

 twice as many as the petals. Ovary many-celled. Fruit suc- 

 culent or dry, of several-seeded cells. Seeds pendulous ; albu- 

 men fleshy. Trees, shrubs or herbaceous plants, with the 

 habit of the Umbelliferee. 



1. ARALIA. Linn. Aralia. 

 (Origin of the name unknown.) 



Calyx with the margin very short, 5-toothed or entire. Pe- 

 tals 5, spreading. Stamens 5. Styles 5, spreading. Berry 

 5-celled. Umbels often panicled. 



1. A. nudicavlis Linn. : nearly stemless ; leaf mostly solitary, tri-quinate ; 

 leafets sessile, oblong-oval, acute, serrate, smooth ; scape shorter than the 

 leaf, 3-cleft at the top ; umbels few, small, on long peduncles, without in- 

 volucres. 



Rocky woods. Labrador to Car. W. to the Rocky Mountains. June, July. 

 1\.. Root thick and creeping, aromatic. Flowers small, 3-umbelled, greenish- 

 white. Wild Sarsaparilla. 



2. A. racemosa Linn. : stem herbaceous, branched ; petioles 3-parted ; 

 divisions t'ernate and quinate; leafets ovate, often cordate, acuminate, 

 sharply serrate, mostly smooth; umbels numerous, compound, in large 

 axillary panicles ; involucre small, few-leaved. 



Woods. Can. to Geor. W. to the Rocky Mountains. June Aug. Tj. 

 Stem 3 5 feet high, with spreading branches. Flowers greenish-white, in 

 panicles 4 8 inches long. The root is highly aromatic, and is sometimes used 

 for medicinal purposes. Spikenard. 



3. A. hispida Mich. : low, suffruticose; stem and petioles hispid; leaves 

 doubly pinnate ; leafets oblong-ovate, sharply serrate, unarmed ; umbels 

 axillary and terminal, on long peduncles. 



Rocky woods. Hudson's Bay to Virg. July. T^ . Stem 1 2 feet high, witli 

 stiff and thick bristles at the base. Flowers greenish-white, in spreading umbels, 



Wild Elder. 



