142 CORNACE^E. 



H. Virginica Linn. : leaves ovate, acute, toothed, cordate, with the sinus 

 small, scabrous beneath ; flowers in axillary clusters. 



var. parvifolia Nutt. : leaves smaller and more pubescent beneath. 



Woods. Can. to Flor. and Louis. Oct., Nov. Tj. Stem 6 12 feet high- 

 Flowers in threes, polygamous, greenish-yellow, appearing in autumn and con' 

 tinuing during a great part of the winter ; the fruit is not perfected until about 

 September of the following year. Var. parviflora is found on the mountains of 

 Pennsylvania. Witchhazel. 



ORDER LXIII. CORNACE^E. DOGWOODS. 



Sepals 4, adherent. Petals 4, distinct. Stamens 4, alternate 

 with the petals. Ovary 2 -celled ; style filiform ; stigma simple. 

 Fruit a 2 -celled drupe crowned with the remains of the calyx. 

 Seed solitary ; albumen fleshy. Trees or shrubs, with opposite 

 rarely alternate leaves. Flowers capitate, umbellate or corym- 

 bose. 



CORNUS. Linn. Dogwood. 



(From the Latin cornu, a horn ; in allusion to the toughness of the wood.) 

 Calyx adherent to the ovary ; the limb minute, 4-toothed. 

 Petals 4, oblong, spreading. Stamens 4. Stigma obtuse. 

 Drupe with the cells not united. 



* Flowers capitate, surrounded by a petaloid involucre. 



1. C. Canadensis Linn. : herbaceous ; lower leaves opposite, small ; 

 upper on short petioles, verticillate, veined ; leaves of the involucre 4, broad- 

 ovate, acuminate ; flowers numerous, very small, in a terminal head; drupe 

 globose. 



Damp woods. Arct. Amer. and Labrador to Car. W. to Oregon. May, June. 

 1\.. Stem 4 6 inches high, simple, with one or two pairs of opposite leaves and 

 a whorl of about 6 at the summit. Involucre greenish- white, petaloid, much 

 longer than the flowers. Drupe red. Dwarf Dogwood. 



2. C florida Linn.: arborescent; leaves ovate, acuminate, whitish be- 

 neath; leaves of the involucre 4, large, obcordate, nerved, with a callous 

 notch at the apex ; flowers in small terminal heads ; drupe oval. 



Woods. Can. to Car. W. to Miss. May, June. A tree 15 20 feet high, 

 with grayish bark. Flowers greenish-yellow. Involucre about 3 inches in di- 

 ameter, white, sometimes tinged with red. Drupe scarlet. Medicinal. Big. 

 Med. Bot ii. 73. Flowering Dogwood. 



** Flowers naked, in cymes. 

 f Leaves opposite. 



3. C. circinata. VHerd. : branches warty ; leaves on short petioles, 

 broad-oval, acuminate, white-downy beneath ; cymes crowded, depressed ; 

 drupe globose. C. tomentulosa Mich. 



Banks of streams. Can. to Virg. W. to Miss. June, July. h. Stem 68 

 feet high, with straight slender branches. Leaves broad, waved on the edges. 

 Flowers white. Drupe small, light-blue. Oval-leaved Dogwood. 



