154 COMPOSITE. 



first compact, but at length open corymbose; fruit ovoid, compressed, 

 smooth. (Torr. N. Y. Fl.) V. dioica Pursh. V. sylvatica Beck Bot. 

 1st Ed. 



Swamps. Fairhaven, Ver. Dr. Robbing. Savannah, Wayne county, N. Y. 

 Dr. Sartwell. Subarct. Amer. and the Rocky Mountains. June, July. '2L 

 Root consisting of numerous fibres, with the odor of V. officinalis. Stem 2 3 

 feet high, simple, erect, smooth, (slightly pubescent when young.) Radical 

 leaves on Ion* petioles, mostly-simple, but sometimes lobed or auricled at base, 

 sometimes a little cordate ; cauline pinnate ; leafets 3 6 pairs with a larger odd 

 one, ovate oval or somewhat rhomboid, all sometimes entire or with a few 

 coarse teeth. Flowers numerous, in a pedunculate 2 3-forked corymb. Co- 

 rolla reddish- white, gibbous at base ; the limb 5-cleft. Stamens much exserted. 

 Style very long and filiform. Capsule 2-ribbed. According to Torrey and Gray, 

 the Vermont and New York plant is a distinct variety, (uliginosa.) but their de- 

 scription does not include all the forms which I have observed in the Fairhaven 

 specimens. * Tall Swamp Valerian. 



ORDER LXVIII. DIPSACACEJE. TEAZELWORTS. 



Calyx adhering, membranous, surrounded by a scarious in- 

 volucel. Corolla tubular ; limb oblique, 4 5-lobed. Stamens 

 4 ; anthers distinct. Ovary 1 -celled ; style 1 ; stigma simple. 

 Fruit dry, indehiscent, 1 -celled, crowned by the pappus-like 

 calyx. Albumen fleshy. Herbs or under shrubs, with oppo- 

 site or whorled leaves. Flowers collected upon a common re- 

 ceptacle and surrounded by a many-leaved involucre. 



DIPSACUS. Linn. Teazel. 



(From the Greek (Jur<//aw, to be thirsty ; the upper connate leaves containing 

 water in their hollows.) 



Flowers collected in an ovate or roundish head. Common 

 calyx (involucre) foliaceous, many -leaved ; proper superior, of 

 one leaf. Corolla tubular, 4-cleft. Stamens 4. Stigma longi- 

 tudinal. Fruit crowned with the limb of the calyx. 



D. sylvestris Linn. : leaves opposite, rarely connate ; the many-leaved 

 involucre turned upwards ; scales of the receptacle straight. 



Fields and waste places. N. S. July. (). Stem 35 feet high, strong, 

 angular, prickly. Flowers blue, in dense oval heads, shorter than the scales of 

 the receptacle. Introduced. Wild Teazel. 



ORDER LXIX. COMPOSITE. COMPOSITES. 

 Calyx closely adhering to the ovary, and undistinguishable 

 from it ; its limb either wanting or membranous, divided into 

 bristles, paleae, hairs or feathers, called pappus. Corolla mono- 

 petalous, either ligulate or tubular ; in the latter case 4 or 5 

 toothed. Stamens 5, rarely fewer, the anthers cohering into a 

 tube. Ovary 1 -celled ; style simple; stigmas 3, either distinct 

 or united. Fruit an achenium, crowned with the limb of the 



