COMPOSITE. 157 



Achenia about 10-ribbed, somewhat cylindric. Pappus of 

 numerous plumose or barbulate bristles. 



1. L. spicata Willd.: stem simple, smooth ; leaves linear, entire, smooth, 

 ciliate at base, nerved and punctate ; upper very short, often subulate ; 

 heads 9 13-flowered, in a dense elongated spike ; scales of the involucre 

 oblong, appressed, obtuse. L. macrostachya Mich. Pursk. 



Meadows. Can. to Flor. Aug., Sept. 1|.. Stem 3 6 feet high. Spike 

 terminal, 6 18 inches long. Flowers bright purple. 



Long-spiked Liatris. Blue Blazing Star. 



2. L. pilosa Willd. : stem simple, pubescent ; leaves linear, hairy, ciliate ; 

 heads 10 14-flowered, on long pedicels, forming a loose raceme ; scales of 

 the involucre oblong, obtuse, villous. 



Pine barrens. N. J. to Geor. Sept. Nov. 1}-. Stem 23 feet high, a 

 little hairy. Leaves long and linear. Raceme long, leafy. Flowers small, 

 bright purple. Hairy Liatris. 



3. L. scariosa Willd. :, stem erect, pubescent ; leaves lanceolate, pubes- 

 cent, scabrous on the margin ; lower oblong, tapering into a petiole ; heads 

 15 40-flowered, in a spike or raceme ; scales of the involucre obovate, 

 obtuse, scarious on the margin, the lower a little spreading or squarrose. 

 L. hetcrophylla Nutt. 



Sandy woods. Can. to Flor. and Texas. Aug. Oct. ^.Stem 35 feet 

 high, stout, striate. Lower leaves very long. Flowers numerous, bright purple. 

 A very variable species. Ragged-cupped Liatris. 



4. L. squarrosa Willd. : stem simple, pubescent ; leaves very long, linear, 

 nerved, with the margins somewhat scabrous ; heads few, about 20-flow- 

 ered, on leafy pedicels, racemose ; upper scales of the involucre lanceolate, 

 rigid and spreading ; segments of the flowers linear, villous internally. 



Sandy woods. Can. to Flor. W. to Miss. Sept., Oct. 1\.., Stem 2 3 feet 

 high. Heads generally 4 5, bright purple. Rough-headed Liatris. 



5. L. cylindrar.ea Mich. : stem leafy, slightly hairy ; leaves linear and 

 lance-linear, rigid, mostly 1-nerved ; heads few, (1 7, rarely more,) turbi- 

 nate-cylindric, sessile or pedicellate, 16 20-flowered ; scales of the invo- 

 lucre numerous, with rounded abruptly mucronate tips. (Torr. N. Y. Fl.) 

 L. flexuosa Thomas, in Sill. Journ. xxxvii. 328. 



Near Niagara Falls. Thomas. S. to Car. W. to Miss. Aug. r l\.. Stem 

 6 18 inches high, often somewhat flexuous. Leaves 610 inches long. Flow- 

 ers bright purple. Cylindrical-fieaded Lialris. 



6. CONOCLINIUM. D. C. Conoclidium. 



(From the Greek nwog, a cone, and *Au'>7, a bed ; in allusion to its conic re- 

 ceptacle.) 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre campanulate ; the scales 

 in 2 3 series, lyaear, acute, subequal. Receptacle naked, 

 conic. Achenia angled. Pappus of one series, pilose, rough. 



C. ccdestinum D. C. : herbaceous ; stem terete, pubescent ; leaves oppo- 

 site, petioled, ovate, truncate at base or subcordate, somewhat acute, ob- 



