172 COMPOSITE. 



* Rays not exceeding the disk. 



1. E. Canadense Linn. : stem erect, hirsute, profusely and paniculately 

 branched ; leaves lance-linear, mostly entire, ciliate, lower sometimes ser- 

 rate ; heads small, very numerous ; rays crowded, scarcely longer than the 

 cylindric involucre. 



Fields and waste places. Can. to Flor. W. to Oregon and Texas. July Oct. 

 (X). Stem 6 inches to nearly 6 feet high, depending upon the soil, mostly very 

 hairy. Heads loosely racemose on the branches, forming an oblong panicle ; rays 

 white, narrow, scarcely longer than the pappus. When small it constitutes 

 E. pusUlum of Nuttall. Horse-weed. 



** Rays longer than tlie disk. 



2. E. bellidifolium Muhl. : hairy and canescent; radical leaves obovate or 

 spatulate, slightly serrate or entire; cauline sessile, scattered, oblong-lan- 

 ceolate ; heads few, large, corymbose ; rays very numerous, linear, twice as 

 long as the involucre. E. pulchelhim Mich. 



Shady woods. Can. to Car. W. to Miss. June Aug. 1\.. Stem 12 18 

 inches high. Heads large, 2 5 ; the lower peduncles elongated, rather slender ; 

 rays about 50, bluish-purple, sometimes nearly white. Robert's Plaintain. 



3. E. Philadelphicum Linn. : stem pubescent, weak, corymbose at the 

 summit ; lower leaves cuneate-obovate, sometimes obtusely serrate, or in- 

 cisely toothed ; upper clasping, usually entire ; heads few, on elongated 

 pedicels ; rays very numerous, capillary, twice as long as the involucre. 

 E. purpureum Ait. 



Woods and fields. Hudson's Bay to Flor. W. to Oregon and California. 



Aug., Sept. 2J.. Stem 1 3 feet high, hairy or villous at base. Heads few, 

 middle-sized, in a loose corymb ; rays 100 or more, very narrow, pale purple or 

 flesh-color. Philadelphia Fleabane. 



4. E. annuum Pen. : sparsely hairy ; stem corymbosely branched above ; 

 lower leaves ovate, obtuse, coarsely toothed, tapering into a margined peti- 

 ole ; upper cauline lanceolate-acute, serrate in the middle ; uppermost 

 usually entire ; rays very narrow, scarcely twice the length of the some- 

 what hispid involucre. E. heterophyllum WiLld. Slenactis annua and 

 strigosa D. C. 



Fields and meadows. Can. to Virg. W. to Ken. June Aug. (I). ? Stem 

 stout, 2 3 feet high, angular, more or less hirsute. Heads rather small ; rays 

 white or tinged with purple, narrow. A popular medicine. 



Annual Fleabane. Daisy. 



5. E. strigosum Muhl. : stem slender, hairy, corymbose-paniculate at the 

 summit; leaves toothed or entire; lower spatulate-lanceolate, 3-nerved, 

 tapering to a long narrow petiole ; upper lanceolate or oblanceolate ; rays 

 narrow-linear, about twice as long as the hispid involucre. E. integrifo- 

 lium Big. E. ambiguum Nutt. Stenactis ambigua D. C. 



Fields and meadows. Can. to Flor. W. to Oregon. July, Aug. (J) or . 

 Stem 1 3 feet high, angular. Heads rather small, in terminal corymbs at the- 

 summit of the branches ; rays usually white, narrow, sublinear, the tube hairy. 



Strigose Fleabane. 



16. BOLTONIA. UHerit. Boltonia. 

 (In honor of James Bolton, a British naturalist and artist.) 



Heads many -flowered ; ray flowers in one series, linear, pis- 

 tillate; those of the disk tubular, perfect. Receptacle hemi- 



