196 COMPOSITE. 



pinnate ; rachis and lobes incisely serrate ; heads numerous, corymbose ; 

 pappus short, equal, 5-toothed. 



Road sides, near fences, &c. Can. and N. S. July, Oct. %. Stem 24 

 feet high, ribbed, somewhat branched above. Leaves '2 6 inches long, dotted. 

 Heads in dense terminal corymbs, deep yellow. The whole plant is bitter and 

 aromatic, and much used as a popular medicine. Introduced and in many 

 places completely naturalized. Common Tansy. 



46. GNAPHALIUM. Linn. Cud Weed. 



(From the Greek yvu<}> a\ov, soft down or wool, with which the leaves of many 

 species are clothed.) 



Heads many-flowered, heterogamous ; flowers all tubular ; 

 outer ones in many series, pistillate, very slender ; those of the 

 disk perfect. Involucre ovate, with the scales imbricate, ap- 

 pressed and somewhat hyaline. Receptacle flat, naked. Ache- 

 nia somewhat terete, or more or less obcompressed. Pappus 

 in a single series, of filiform roughish bristles. 



* Pistillate flowers in several series. Achenia somewhat terete. 

 \ Leaves decurrent. 



1. G. decurrens Ives. : stem erect, simple, viscid-pubescent, branched at 

 the summit; leaves linear-lanceolate, partly clasping, very acute, decurrent ? 

 roughish and green above, white and woolly beneath ; heads nearly sessile, 

 in dense roundish clusters at the summits of the branches. 



Fields and hills. Can. N. Y. Mass, and N. J. Aug., Sept. % Stem about 



2 feet high. Heads subsessile, in large roundish clusters. Scales of the invo- 

 lucre yellowish-white. Decurrent Cud-weed. 



j-f Leaves not decurrent. 



2. G. polycephalum Mich. : stem erect, paniculate above, tomentose ; 

 leaves linear-lanceolate, tapering at base, acute, smoothish above, white- 

 tomentose beneath ; heads obovate, crowded in a corymb at the summits of 

 the branches. 



Fields. Can. to Louis. W. to Texas. July Sept. ().Stem 12 feet high, 

 often much branched at the summit. Heads at length obovate. Scales of the 

 involucre yellowish- white. The whole plant has a balsamic odor. 



Fragrant Life-everlasting. 



3. G. uliginosum Linn. : stem herbaceous, diffusely branched, woolly ; 

 leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, tomentose on both sides ; heads in dense 

 subglobose terminal clusters, leafy at the base. 



Wet grounds. Can. and N. S. N. to Newfoundland. W. to Oregon and Califor- 

 nia. July Sept. (T). Stem 4 6 inches high, very much branched. Heads 

 small. Scales of the involucre yellowish-brown, shining. Marsh Cud-weed. 



4. G. purpureum Linn. : stem erect or ascending, woolly ; leaves oblong- 

 spatulate, mostly obtuse, mucronate, tomentose beneath; heads sessile, 

 clustered, axillary and terminal. G. Americanum Willd. 



Barren soils. N. H. to Louis. W. to Texas. July Oct. ^.Stem 812 

 inches high, slender. Heads somewhat spiked at the top of the stem, purplish. 



Purple Cud-weed. 



