228 



1. /. opaca Ait.: leaves ovate, flat, coriaceous, acute, smooth, their mar- 

 gins with sharp spines ; flowers scattered at the base of the young branches ; 

 teeth of the calyx acute. /. aquifolium Walt. 



Sandy woods. Can. to Flor. W. to Ark. June. An evergreen tree 10 15 

 feet high. Leaves tough, smooth and shining, with rigid spines at the edges. 

 Flowers growing in bunches around the branches, small, white. It is stated by 

 the younger Michaux, that birdlime may be extracted from the bark. The 

 wood is "fine grained and compact, and is employed by cabinet makers and 

 turners. American Holly. 



2. /. ambiguiis Torr. : leaves deciduous, ovate, acuminate, obtuse or 

 acute at the base, thin, smooth, serrate ; flowers tetrandrous, on short pedi- 

 cels, aggregated at the extremity of short lateral branches. Prinos ambi- 

 guus Mich, not of Ell. or Nutt. 



On the Catskill Mountains, N.Y., and on the mountains near Bethlehem, Penn. 

 Torr. A shrub about 6 feet high. Leaves about 3 inches long, clustered at the 

 ends of the branches. Flowers polygamous, white. Dr. Torrey thinks that if 

 this plant is not the P. ambiguus of Michaux, it must be undescribed. He has 

 placed it under Ilex on account of its sulcate nucules. N.Y. Fl. 



Ambiguous Ilex. 



2. NEMOPANTHES. Raf Mountain Holly. 

 (From the Greek ve/*of , a grove, oip, an eye, and avdos, a flower. Lind.) 



Flowers by abortion dioecious or polygamous. Calyx small, 

 scarcely conspicuous. Petals 3 5, distinct, oblong-linear, de- 

 ciduous. Stamens 3 5, alternating with the petals. Ovary 

 in the fertile flowers hemispherical. Style none. Stigmas 3 5, 

 sessile. Fruit subglobose ; nucules usually 4, smooth, bony. 



N. Canademis D. C. N. fascicularis Raf. Ikx Canadensis Mich. 



Swamps in low grounds or on mountains. Can. to Car. May, June. J^. 

 A shrub 36 feet high. Leaves ovate or oval, entire or slightly denticulate, 

 smooth, petioled. Flowers on slender pedicels of about an inch in length, small, 

 green. Fruit about as large as a pea, scarlet. 



Mountain Holly. Black Alder. 



3. PRINOS. Linn. Winterberry. 



(Said to be derived from the Greek TT^JW, to saw ; in allusion to its serrated 

 leaves.) 



Flowers mostly dioecious or polygamous. Calyx minute, 

 4 6-toothed. Corolla somewhat rotate, usually 6-parted. 

 Stamens mostly 6. Ovary superior, 4 6-celled. Fruit with 

 4 6 smooth bony nucules. 



1. P. verticillatus Linn. : leaves deciduous, oval or obovate, acuminate, 

 serrate, pubescent beneath ; sterile flowers axillary, subumbellate ; fertile 

 flowers aggregated. P. Gronovii Mich. 



Swamps. Can. to Car. June, July. T^. Stem 6 8 feet high, much 

 branched. Leaves 2 3 inches long. Flowers numerous, small, white fdioacious. 

 Fruit globose, bright scarlet when ripe. Common Winterberry. 



2. P. lavigatus Pursh: leaves deciduous, lanceolate, with appressed 



