388 



bracts at right angles with the first, and called glumes. Perianth 

 none, or consisting of hypogynous bristles. Stamens 1 12, but 

 mostly 3. Style single, 2 3 -cleft. Fruit an acheuium or 

 crustaceous nut. Embryo lenticular, within the base of tho 

 albumen. Grass-like herbs, growing in tufts. Culms solid, 

 seldom with joints, often 3-cornered. Leaves with their sheaths 

 entire. 



I. CYPEREJE. Flowers perfect. Spikelets imbricate in two rows. 

 Perigynium none or setaceous. 



1. DULICH1UM. Rich. Dulichium. 



(From the Greek Svo, two, and \ti^r]v : a scab or scale ; in allusion to the two- 

 rowed scales. Eat. Man.) 



Spikelets elongated, compressed, many-flowered. Scales 

 2-ranked. Bristles 6 9, rigid, retrorsely hispid. Stamens 3. 

 Style very long, 2-cleft, persistent. Achenium compressed, 

 linear-oblong. 



D. spathaceum Pers. Scrimnus spathaceus Linn. Cyperus spathaceus 

 MuJd. 



Swamps and margins of ponds. Throughout the U. S. July, Aug. 7J.. 

 Culm about 18 inches high, round below, obscurely triangular above. Leaves 

 linear, flat, spreading almost horizontally in three directions. Spikelets 6 10- 

 flowered, on a flexuous rachis. Scales rusty-yellow, lanceolate, acute. 



Dulichium. 



2. CYPERUS. Linn. Galingale. 



(From the Greek /cvneipos ; a name supposed to have been given to one of this 

 genus.) 



Spikelets 2-ranked, many-flowered. Scales mostly all fertile, 

 equal. Stamens 2 or 3, rarely solitary, deciduous. Style 2 3- 

 cleft, deciduous. Achenium compressed or triangular. 



* Style -2-cleft. Achenium compressed-lenticular. 



1. C. flavescens Linn. : umbel of 2 4 short rays; involucre 3-leaved; 

 spikelets linear, 14 20-flowered, at the end of the rays, rather obtuse; 

 scales obtuse, 1-nerved. 



Wet grounds. N.Y. toFlor. W. to Ken. Aug., Sept. 11 Culm 4 10 

 inches high. Leaves narrow, as long as the culm. Spikelets in fascicles of 3 4 

 on the rachis, 58 lines long, yellowish, sometimes 30-flowered. 



Yettawish Dwarf Galingale. 



2. C. Nuttalii Torr. : rays few, short or nearly sessile, loose ; involucre 

 4-leaved, 2 of the leaves very long ; spikelets linear-lanceolate, much com- 

 pressed, acute ; stamens 2; style 2-cleft. C. caspitosus Spreng. C.tenuis 

 Mutt. 



