434 GRAMINACE.E. 



low the tip ; upper with a stipitate pencil-form pappus at base. 

 Flowers in a loose panicle. 



1. C. Canadensis Beauv.: panicle oblong, loose ; glumes nearly equal, 

 serrulate on the keel, somewhat rough on the sides ; palese as long as the 

 glumes, the lower with an awn on the back. Arundo Canadensis Mich. 

 A. cimwides Muhl. 



Wet meadows. Can. to Car. July, Aug. 'Z|_. Culm 8 4 feet high, smooth. 

 Leaves a foot long, narrow, somewhat scabrous. Panicle erect, much divided, 

 at length spreading. Canadian Small-reed. 



2. C. coardata Torr. : panicle contracted, thick, and somewhat spike- 

 form; glumes narrow-lanceolate, nearly equal, a little longer than the 

 paleae, keeled ; lower palea awned a little below the summit ; pappus two- 

 ( birds as long as the flower. C. Canadensis Nutl. Agrostis glauca Muhl. 



Wet meadows and swamps. Arct. Amer. to Penn. Aug. %. Culm 3 5 

 feet high, simple, somewhat glaucous. Leaves linear-lanceolate, scabrous and 

 somewhat hairy. Panide terminal, erect, with short aggregated branches. 



Glaucous Small-reed. 



3. C. inexpansa Gray: panicle contracted, elongated; glumes oblong- 

 lanceolate ; palese nearly equal, as long as the glumes, the lower one with 

 a scarcely exserted awn inserted below the middle ; pappus nearly as long 

 as the flower. (Twr. N. Y. FL.) 



Swamps. Northern and Western N. Y. July, Aug. 1\-. Culm about 3 feet 

 high, erect, simple. Leaves 2 3 lines wide, smooth. Panicle 4 6 inches 

 long, slender, with short rough appressed branches. Differs from the preceding 

 in its more slender panicle, broader and less acute glumes, and the awn inserted 

 near the base of the paleaa. Torr. Close-Jlowered Small-reed. 



24. AMMOPHILA. Host.Se& Reed. 



(From the Greek d/</*oj, sand, and $t Aoj, a lover ; in allusion to its place of 

 growth.) 



Glumes nearly equal, keeled. Paleae shorter than the glumes, 

 surrounded with short hairs at the base, 'keeled, awnless. 

 Abortive pedicel plumose above. Panicle spiked, dense and 

 cylindric. 



A. arundinacea Host. : glumes acute; hairs or pappus about one-third as 

 long as the palese. Arundo arenaria Linn. Psamma arenaria R. fy S. 



extensive! 



smooth, 



The roots of this grass form a mat, which prevenfs the motion of sand ; and it is 



sometimes planted on shores to protect them from the inroads of the sea. It is 



used in Massachusetts for the manufacture of paper. 



Common Sea-reed or Mat-weed. 



25. PHRAGMITES. Trin. Reed. 



(From the Greek </>pay//of , a partition or hedge ; in allusion to the use said to 

 have been made of it.) 



Spikelets 3 7-flowered. Glumes 2, lanceolate, unequal. 

 The lower flower staminate and naked at base ; the others per- 



