1 8 CANADIAN DAIRYING. 



order of the udder unless a large supply of bedding is 

 kept under the cows at all times. This difficulty is 

 overcome by placing a wooden floor or platform, in 

 sections, under the cows and on top of the cement. 



Wooden floors should be tight, and have a filling of 

 concrete or coal ashes to the level of the joist below 

 the floor. 



The tie which has given the writer the best satis- 

 faction is a chain, the ring of which is placed oh an 

 upright pole or bar, or on an iron about three feet 

 long fastened to the side of the stall. This is a safe 

 and handy tie, and at the same time it gives the cow 

 considerable freedom. Rigid stanchions should not 

 be used in a dairy stable. 



The writer prefers single stalls which are about 

 three and one-half feet wide, and from five to five and 

 one-half feet long from the manger .to the drop 

 behind the cows. A partition making each manger 

 separate and extending about one-half the length of 

 the stall is convenient for feeding, milking, and keep- 

 ing the cows in their places. A partition between the 

 stalls is not an absolute necessity. 



The manger should be about twenty inches wide in 

 the bottom, and not over one foot deep on the side 

 next to the cow. The front of the manger should 

 slope into the passage and be about two feet high, 

 with a narrow strip projecting on the inside to pre- 

 vent the cows throwing out the feed. The bottom of 

 the manger should be made of cement ; and, where 

 practicable, the whole manger may be constructed of 

 this material, which will be more easily cleaned. The 



