32 THE BOOK OF BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



claspers on the seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and thir- 

 teenth. The second, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, 



FIG. 9. DIAGRAM OF LARVA. 



tenth, eleventh, and twelfth segments bear each two 

 spiracles (breathing-holes), one on each side. 



FIG. 10. DIAGRAMS OF PUPA. 



As an example of the chrysalis-stage (Fig. 10) three 

 positions of the chrysalis of Pieris brassica have been 

 chosen ; the first giving a lateral, the second a dorsal, 



