COLIAS EDUSA. 69 



its family, but tapers a little towards the anal extremity. 

 The segmental divisions are not very distinct, and 

 each is subdivided into several sections. The ground- 

 colour is bright green, and the surface is covered with 

 minute black warts, from each of which rises a pale 

 hair. The warts are surrounded by whitish circles. 

 There is a rather narrow, white spiracular line, bearing 

 a pinkish patch in each segment, with a black spot 

 below it, and the white spiracle in front. 



The chrysalis (Fig. 57), which is suspended by the 

 anal extremity, and girt, is rather stout, something 

 like that of the Brimstone Butterfly, Gonopteryx rhamni. 

 The wing-cases are long, and project ventrally ; the 

 anterior extremity ends in a sharp point, and there is a 

 rather pronounced thoracic bump. The colour of the 

 chrysalis is pale green, inclining to yellow in places, 

 especially on the ventral surface. On each side, below 

 the wing-cases, is a dull yellow stripe with - three black 

 dots, and a reddish stripe next that ventrally. Each 

 wing-case bears a black dot in the centre, and a row of 

 similar ones near the hind-margin. 



The imago (Figs. 54 to 56) frequents lanes, meadows, 

 woods, &c., but especially takes delight in railway-banks 

 and lucerne- or clover-fields. The ground-colour is a 

 deep rich orange, with a broad, dark brown outer 

 border to all the wings. This border bears, in the male 

 (Fig. 54), yellow lines on several of the nervures near 

 the tip of the fore-wings, and in the female (Fig. 56) 

 several ill-defined yellow spots on each of the wings. 

 There is a black central spot on both surfaces of the 

 fore-wings, and a large orange one on the upper 

 surface of the hind-wings, which spot below has a 

 reddish tinge, and contains two silver spots, one very 

 much smaller than the other. The hind-wings and 



